Geology and Soil Assessment for Construction

Arranging structures on land and shaping spaces between them, considering architecture, engineering, landscape, and city planning to organize the external environment.

Developing or redeveloping land for specific purposes, including building construction and its physical connections to the site.

Formulating criteria and evaluating suitable locations for a project based on specific requirements and site characteristics.

Identifying development potentials through proper land utilization analysis, considering development controls and the site's surrounding environment.

A comprehensive planning process that aims to establish guidelines for the future development of an area.

Planning for areas immediately surrounding buildings and structures, considering the built environment and the natural surroundings.

A set of rules that control how land is used and developed within a specific area.

The process of creating, amending, and enforcing laws and regulations for the use of land.

Areas along rivers or streams susceptible to flooding during high discharge.

Areas of water or water-logged soil for extended periods, crucial for natural resources and protected by law.

Rock, gravel, or sand holding groundwater.

Areas where surface water infiltrates into aquifers.

Maps displaying information about aquifers and their characteristics.

Factors like temperature, sunlight, precipitation, humidity, and wind.

Plants and animals unique to a specific location.

A map showcasing the distribution of vegetation in a specific area.

A visual representation of the land's surface features, showcasing elevation, slope, and other natural and man-made elements.

Lines on a map that connect points of equal elevation, helping to visualize the land's topography.

The vertical distance between two adjacent contour lines on a map, indicating the change in elevation.

The process of analyzing the slope of the land to determine areas suitable for building and access.

The degree of inclination or gradient of a surface, expressed as a ratio of vertical rise to horizontal run.

A map that groups areas with similar slope inclination ranges, making it easier to visualize the land's incline.

A collection of data about the physical, biological, and social characteristics of a site and its surroundings.

The first step in site planning, involving a thorough assessment of the site's natural and physical environment to understand its opportunities and limitations.

The thin layer of Earth's surface, composed of rock fragments, water, air, and organic matter.

Soil analysis is necessary for buildings over three stories to determine the soil's ability to support weight and the depth of solid rock.

The study of landforms, their origin, and the geological processes that shaped them.

Consolidated rock material found beneath the surface soil. It's important for foundations, walls, and roads.

Igneous rocks form from cooled lava, sedimentary rocks form from hardened sediments, and metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks altered by heat or pressure.

Geologic maps show the arrangement of rock types, faults, minerals, and groundwater, helping identify areas suitable for building.

Slope analysis identifies suitable areas for buildings, roads, and other features by indicating the steepness of land.

Understanding the geological composition of a site is crucial before constructing buildings or other structures to ensure stability and safety.

The manner of utilizing land, including its allocation, development, and management.

Dividing a community into zones based on land use potential, maximizing and regulating development.

A visual guide to future planning, combining elements like natural resources, economic development, and transportation.

Analyzing locations, capacities, and access to essential utilities like water, sewers, and electricity.

Primary access routes influencing development possibilities, including streets, roads, alleys, and sidewalks.

Analyzing the site's relationship to adjacent areas and the community, including facilities like schools, hospitals, and parks.

Identifying historical and archaeological elements, often protected by regulations.

Examining demographic characteristics of residents and users, including population numbers, composition, and economic status.

A pleasing or objectionable view from a site, often influenced by building placement.

A carefully designed path for the eye to follow, guiding the viewer towards a specific focal point.

The placement of a building to maximize sunlight and minimize wind impact.

Reducing noise levels from nearby roadways using barriers like walls, embankments, or natural terrain.

A raised barrier, often made of earth, that separates areas and can provide noise and visual screening.

Unique natural elements like trees, rivers, or hills, which contribute to the character and aesthetics of a site.

The intentional placement of a building on a site, taking into account its position relative to surrounding features.

The relationship between a building's orientation and the surrounding landscape, creating a specific geometric and spatial connection.

A building type where the structure is enclosed within a surrounding space, creating an isolated feeling.

A building type where the structure encloses a defined space, creating a sense of unity.

A type of street layout where a straight road connects communities with limited intersections.

A street layout where the site is divided into rectangular blocks, allowing for a regular grid pattern.

Building elements at the corner of a site can influence design decisions.

Including monuments, statues, or fountains can create a focal point and identity for a space.

Using notable features to mark the end of a street or space, creating a sense of arrival.

The shape of a building is often influenced by the site's layout, especially in constrained areas.

Soil removed to create a desired slope or level.

Soil added to fill in low areas and create desired slopes.

Method to calculate cut and fill volume for linear projects like roads and trenches.

Method to calculate cut and fill volume for large, less complex areas.

The process of reshaping land to accommodate buildings and circulation.

Land with a slight incline, suitable for various structures and economical to develop. Adaptable to different road layouts. May need careful planning for drainage.

Land with a moderate incline, requiring structures to be elevated or cut into the slope. Surface drainage is crucial.

Steep land with a significant incline, allowing for diverse building styles and configurations. Special attention needed for drainage and retaining walls. Provides visual interest.

The maximum and minimum slopes allowed for different land uses, such as roads, parking areas, ramps, and paths.

A barrier designed to retain soil on a slope, preventing erosion and maintaining stability. Often used on steep slopes.

The natural angle at which a soil slope is stable, without collapsing or sliding. Important consideration for building on steep slopes.

A street pattern where roads radiate outward from the city center, often connected by circular roads.

A street pattern that follows the contours of the terrain, typically used in mountainous areas.

A street pattern designed to create a closed loop, often used for residential areas. Offers opportunities for varied house groupings but can lead to narrow streets.

A street pattern that modifies a traditional grid system to avoid monotony. Often features curved or diagonal streets to break up the uniformity.

A street pattern designed for dead-end streets, typically used for residential areas. Offers privacy and a sense of community but can limit access