Geology and Plate Tectonics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the phenomenon called when heated material rises to the surface, cools, and sinks back into the depths?

  • Transform Movement
  • Subduction
  • Convection Flow (correct)
  • Spreading
  • What is the name of the supercontinent that existed in the past?

  • Laurasia
  • Gondwana
  • Pangaea (correct)
  • Atlantis
  • Which term refers to the area where one tectonic plate dives under another?

  • Convergent Boundary (correct)
  • Plate Margin
  • Transform Boundary
  • Divergent Boundary
  • What type of boundaries are formed when tectonic plates move apart?

    <p>Divergent Boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mega-ocean that existed during the time of Pangaea called?

    <p>Panthalassa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who first proposed the idea of joining continents?

    <p>Abraham Ortelius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the single continental mass proposed by Alfred Wegener?

    <p>Pangaea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Alfred Wegener call the oceans that were formed during this period?

    <p>Panthalassa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two large land masses did Pangaea split into?

    <p>Laurasia and Gondwana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which continents did Laurasia primarily consist of after the split of Pangaea?

    <p>North America and parts of Europe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rock is tillite classified as?

    <p>Sedimentary rock formed from glacial deposits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do tillites indicate about the Earth's past?

    <p>Prolonged glaciations and continental drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about placer deposits of gold in Ghana?

    <p>They have no source rock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the landmass that connected India, Madagascar, and Africa called?

    <p>Lemuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant feature is observed in the shorelines of South America and Africa?

    <p>They have a remarkable match.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which force did Wegener suggest was responsible for the drifting of continents?

    <p>Polar fleeing force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Bullard illustrate the fit between the continents?

    <p>By providing a jigsaw puzzle representation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What age are the ancient rock formations in Brazil that resemble those in Western Africa?

    <p>2000 million years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which geological period did the marine sediment deposits in South America and Africa originate?

    <p>Jurassic period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the fit of the continents is specifically mentioned regarding its extent?

    <p>It extended approximately 1000 fathoms along the shoreline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most active area for volcanic eruptions on the ocean floor?

    <p>Mid-oceanic ridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ocean floor's younger age compared to continents indicate?

    <p>It is constantly being formed and renewed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT part of the continental margins?

    <p>Mid-oceanic ridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What geographic feature coincides with the distribution of volcanoes and earthquakes?

    <p>Mid-Atlantic ridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Arthur Holmes propose in 1930 regarding plate tectonics?

    <p>Convectional current theory due to temperature differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the structure of the longest mountain chain on the ocean floor?

    <p>A central rift system and volcanic activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT considered a driving force for plate tectonics?

    <p>Magnetic pole reversal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of post drift studies in plate tectonics?

    <p>Mapping ocean currents and their relation to convection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Lemuria is true?

    <p>Lemuria is associated with a now-discredited 19th-century hypothesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do most scholars believe about tidal forces in the context of plate movement?

    <p>They are not sufficient to solely move tectonic plates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average thickness of oceanic tectonic plates?

    <p>100 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who introduced the theory of plate tectonics?

    <p>McKenzie, Parker, and Morgan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tectonic plate is considered the largest oceanic plate?

    <p>Pacific plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the Earth do tectonic plates move over?

    <p>Asthenosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two parts that tectonic plates consist of?

    <p>Oceanic and continental</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not considered a major plate of the Earth?

    <p>Cocos Plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which plate is involved in the convergence theory suggested by Wegener?

    <p>Indian-Australia-New Zealand Plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evidence is used to determine the position of the Indian subcontinent?

    <p>Geological studies of rocks from the Nagpur area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is classified as a minor plate?

    <p>Philippine Plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which major plate surrounds the continent of Antarctica?

    <p>Antarctica and Surrounding Oceanic Plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process describes the formation of new oceanic crust at the mid-ocean ridge?

    <p>Sea floor spreading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of rocks indicates their age relative to the mid-ocean ridge?

    <p>Magnetic polarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the age of oceanic crust compared to continental crust?

    <p>Oceanic crust is younger than continental crust.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon is commonly associated with deep sea trenches?

    <p>Common earthquakes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evidence did paleomagnetic studies provide about the mid-ocean ridge?

    <p>Rocks have similar ages and compositions as they move away from the ridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens at divergent boundaries?

    <p>New crust is generated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of transform boundaries?

    <p>Plates slide horizontally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a convergent boundary where an ocean plate meets a continent plate?

    <p>Subduction occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes transform boundaries?

    <p>They demonstrate differential movement at the same time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best explains the nature of crust at transform boundaries?

    <p>Crust remains unchanged.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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