44 Questions
What is formed when a continental and oceanic plate collide?
A V shaped valley
What is the primary cause of tsunamis?
Submarine earthquakes
What is the term for the movement of rocks along a fault line?
Faulting
What is the process by which plants release water vapor into the air?
Transpiration
What type of air mass is formed when cold and dry air passes over the warm waters of the North Atlantic?
Maritime polar
What is the term for the process by which water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid?
Condensation
Where do maritime tropical air masses originate from?
Over the warm waters of the tropics and Gulf of Mexico
What is characterized by clear skies and negligible rainfall?
Continental tropical air masses
What happens to air particles when it becomes cold?
They become more dense and come closer together
Where do continental polar air masses originate from?
Over northern Canada and Alaska
What type of air mass is hot, dry, and unstable at low levels and generally stable aloft?
Continental tropical air mass
What is the primary factor that affects the density of air?
Temperature
What is the characteristic of air masses originating from northern Canada and Alaska?
Cold and dry
In which direction do continental polar air masses typically move?
Southward
What is the characteristic of continental tropical air masses at low levels?
Hot and unstable
What is the result of radiational cooling over northern Canada and Alaska?
Formation of continental polar air masses
What is the result of a submarine earthquake, an underwater or coastal landslide, or a volcanic eruption?
A tsunami
What is the process by which water is changed into water vapor and enters the atmosphere?
Evaporation
What is the term for a sudden and violent shaking of the ground?
Earthquake
What is the result of the movement of blocks of rock relative to each other?
A fault
What is the term for the process by which liquid water in clouds is pulled down to the ground?
Precipitation
What is the term for when most of all species die out in a relatively short time?
Mass extinction
What is the result of the collision between a continental and an oceanic plate?
Formation of a V-shaped valley
What is the primary effect of tsunamis on shorelines?
Erosion of shorelines and coastal erosion
What is the term for the movement of rocks along a fracture or zone of fractures?
Faulting
What is the process by which plants release water vapor into the air?
Transpiration
What is the term for the process by which liquid water in clouds is pulled down to the ground?
Precipitation
What is the term for the sudden and violent shaking of the ground?
Earthquake
What is the primary factor that affects the air pressure?
Temperature
What is the characteristic of continental tropical air masses at upper levels?
Stable
In which direction do continental polar air masses move after passing the Rockies?
East
What is the result of the heat and moisture transfer from the warm waters of the tropics to the overlying air?
Creation of a maritime tropical air mass
Why are air particles closer together when it is cold?
Because the air is more dense
What is the primary characteristic of air masses originating from northern Canada and Alaska?
Cold, dry, and stable
What happens to air density when it becomes cold?
It increases because particles are closer together
What is the characteristic of continental tropical air masses at upper levels?
Stable
What is the result of heat and moisture transfer from the warm waters of the tropics to the overlying air?
Formation of maritime tropical air masses
What is the primary factor that affects air pressure?
Density
What is the outcome of the collision between a continental and an oceanic plate?
Formation of a V-shaped valley
What is the primary cause of giant waves that erode shorelines?
Submarine earthquakes
What happens when blocks of rock move relative to each other?
The creation of a fault
What is the process by which water vapor enters the atmosphere from the surface of liquid bodies of water?
Evaporation
What is the term for the sudden and violent shaking of the ground due to movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action?
Earthquake
What is the characteristic of an air mass that starts very cold and dry but becomes unstable to a great depth during its passage over warm waters?
Maritime polar
Study Notes
Plate Boundaries and Natural Disasters
- When a continental and oceanic plate collide, they push together and form a V-shaped valley, also known as an ocean trench.
- Tsunamis are catastrophic ocean waves, usually caused by submarine earthquakes, underwater or coastal landslides, or volcanic eruptions, which can cause giant waves to hit and erode shorelines.
- Earthquakes are sudden and violent shakings of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action.
Faults and Earth's Crust
- A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock, allowing the blocks to move relative to each other.
- Most faults occur at plate boundaries.
Water Cycle and Weather
- Evaporation is the process of water being changed into water vapor and entering the atmosphere from the surface of liquid bodies of water or frozen ice/snow.
- Transpiration is the process of water vapor escaping from the leaves of plants and entering the atmosphere.
- Precipitation is the liquid water formed in clouds, pulled down to the ground by gravity.
- Condensation is the process of water vapor losing temperature in the atmosphere, forming precipitation.
Air Masses
- Maritime polar air masses start cold and dry but become unstable due to rising temperatures during their passage over warm waters of the North Atlantic.
- Maritime tropical air masses originate over warm waters of the tropics and Gulf of Mexico, becoming hot and moist.
- Continental polar (cP) or continental arctic (cA) air masses are cold, dry, and stable, originating over northern Canada and Alaska.
- Continental tropical (cT) air masses are hot, dry, and unstable at low levels, originating in northern Mexico.
Atmospheric Pressure
- Air pressure is a measure of the density of air, with high pressure occurring when air is cold and dense, and low pressure when air is warm and less dense.
Plate Boundaries and Natural Disasters
- When a continental and oceanic plate collide, they push together and form a V-shaped valley, also known as an ocean trench.
- Tsunamis are catastrophic ocean waves, usually caused by submarine earthquakes, underwater or coastal landslides, or volcanic eruptions, which can cause giant waves to hit and erode shorelines.
- Earthquakes are sudden and violent shakings of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action.
Faults and Earth's Crust
- A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock, allowing the blocks to move relative to each other.
- Most faults occur at plate boundaries.
Water Cycle and Weather
- Evaporation is the process of water being changed into water vapor and entering the atmosphere from the surface of liquid bodies of water or frozen ice/snow.
- Transpiration is the process of water vapor escaping from the leaves of plants and entering the atmosphere.
- Precipitation is the liquid water formed in clouds, pulled down to the ground by gravity.
- Condensation is the process of water vapor losing temperature in the atmosphere, forming precipitation.
Air Masses
- Maritime polar air masses start cold and dry but become unstable due to rising temperatures during their passage over warm waters of the North Atlantic.
- Maritime tropical air masses originate over warm waters of the tropics and Gulf of Mexico, becoming hot and moist.
- Continental polar (cP) or continental arctic (cA) air masses are cold, dry, and stable, originating over northern Canada and Alaska.
- Continental tropical (cT) air masses are hot, dry, and unstable at low levels, originating in northern Mexico.
Atmospheric Pressure
- Air pressure is a measure of the density of air, with high pressure occurring when air is cold and dense, and low pressure when air is warm and less dense.
Plate Boundaries and Natural Disasters
- When a continental and oceanic plate collide, they push together and form a V-shaped valley, also known as an ocean trench.
- Tsunamis are catastrophic ocean waves, usually caused by submarine earthquakes, underwater or coastal landslides, or volcanic eruptions, which can cause giant waves to hit and erode shorelines.
- Earthquakes are sudden and violent shakings of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action.
Faults and Earth's Crust
- A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock, allowing the blocks to move relative to each other.
- Most faults occur at plate boundaries.
Water Cycle and Weather
- Evaporation is the process of water being changed into water vapor and entering the atmosphere from the surface of liquid bodies of water or frozen ice/snow.
- Transpiration is the process of water vapor escaping from the leaves of plants and entering the atmosphere.
- Precipitation is the liquid water formed in clouds, pulled down to the ground by gravity.
- Condensation is the process of water vapor losing temperature in the atmosphere, forming precipitation.
Air Masses
- Maritime polar air masses start cold and dry but become unstable due to rising temperatures during their passage over warm waters of the North Atlantic.
- Maritime tropical air masses originate over warm waters of the tropics and Gulf of Mexico, becoming hot and moist.
- Continental polar (cP) or continental arctic (cA) air masses are cold, dry, and stable, originating over northern Canada and Alaska.
- Continental tropical (cT) air masses are hot, dry, and unstable at low levels, originating in northern Mexico.
Atmospheric Pressure
- Air pressure is a measure of the density of air, with high pressure occurring when air is cold and dense, and low pressure when air is warm and less dense.
Plate Boundaries and Natural Disasters
- When a continental and oceanic plate collide, they push together and form a V-shaped valley, also known as an ocean trench.
- Tsunamis are catastrophic ocean waves, usually caused by submarine earthquakes, underwater or coastal landslides, or volcanic eruptions, which can cause giant waves to hit and erode shorelines.
- Earthquakes are sudden and violent shakings of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action.
Faults and Earth's Crust
- A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock, allowing the blocks to move relative to each other.
- Most faults occur at plate boundaries.
Water Cycle and Weather
- Evaporation is the process of water being changed into water vapor and entering the atmosphere from the surface of liquid bodies of water or frozen ice/snow.
- Transpiration is the process of water vapor escaping from the leaves of plants and entering the atmosphere.
- Precipitation is the liquid water formed in clouds, pulled down to the ground by gravity.
- Condensation is the process of water vapor losing temperature in the atmosphere, forming precipitation.
Air Masses
- Maritime polar air masses start cold and dry but become unstable due to rising temperatures during their passage over warm waters of the North Atlantic.
- Maritime tropical air masses originate over warm waters of the tropics and Gulf of Mexico, becoming hot and moist.
- Continental polar (cP) or continental arctic (cA) air masses are cold, dry, and stable, originating over northern Canada and Alaska.
- Continental tropical (cT) air masses are hot, dry, and unstable at low levels, originating in northern Mexico.
Atmospheric Pressure
- Air pressure is a measure of the density of air, with high pressure occurring when air is cold and dense, and low pressure when air is warm and less dense.
This quiz covers various concepts related to geology and oceanography, including ocean trenches, tsunamis, earthquakes, and faults.
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