Geology and Landforms Quiz

Rocks formed from the cooling of molten rock, like magma. They are incredibly strong and resistant to erosion.

Rocks created when existing rocks change due to heat and pressure. They have a layered structure, making them somewhat susceptible to weathering and erosion.

Rocks formed from layers of sediment that are compressed over time. They tend to be more susceptible to weathering and erosion due to layers of weakness.

These are areas of land with less resistant rocks, like sedimentary rocks, that are easily eroded and shaped by weathering, creating features like dip slopes and escarpments.

These are areas of land with more resistant rocks, like igneous and metamorphic rocks, that create distinctive features, such as U-shaped valleys and scree slopes.

This is the gradual breakdown of rocks due to exposure to elements like weather and water.

This is the process of carrying away weathered rock material by forces like wind, water, and ice.

These are areas where layered sedimentary rocks are found, such as in the south and east of England.

The process of allowing the coastline to naturally retreat and erode, without human intervention.

The process of doing nothing to protect the coastline from erosion, allowing natural processes to take place.

The impacts of human activities on the coast, such as dredging for sand and gravel, which can lead to increased erosion.

Structures built to protect shorelines from erosion and flooding, such as groynes and sea walls.

A type of coastal management that aims to control coastal processes and reduce erosion.

The rising of global sea levels due to factors like thermal expansion, melting ice caps, and storm surges.

The process of integrating various management approaches to address coastal issues, considering all stakeholders and the wider coastal environment.

The people and businesses impacted by coastal changes and management decisions.

Areas with a high density of people, diverse economic activities, cultural attractions, and well-developed infrastructure.

Areas with a low population density, focus on primary industry, tourism, and often have cheaper land prices.

A type of urban area characterized by densely populated, inter-connected cities and towns, often with a single administrative body.

Government initiatives aiming to reduce disparities between urban and rural areas.

Designated areas where businesses receive tax breaks and government support to encourage economic growth.

A high-speed rail project in the UK aimed at improving connectivity and reducing regional imbalances.

The EU’s financial aid program for economic regeneration, improved infrastructure, and job creation in UK regions.

Working from home, often in the IT sector, contributing to economic activity in rural areas.

Analyzing the costs (economic, social, environmental) and benefits of protecting a coastal area. This helps decide if the protection is worth the investment.

Methods like sea walls, groynes, and fences that directly deflect or absorb wave energy to protect the coast.

Methods that work with natural processes to protect the coast, like beach replenishment and slope stabilization.

An area where no protection measures are taken, allowing natural erosion to happen.

A strategy where certain coastal areas are deliberately allowed to flood, creating new wetlands, while directing protection efforts to other areas.

Measuring the amount of sediment trapped by groynes to assess their effectiveness in protecting beaches.

Analyzing the size and location of sediment to understand how coastal management methods are impacting erosion.

Using historical maps to track the rate of coastal retreat and assess the effectiveness of management strategies.

Countries link together through networks that facilitate the flow of goods and services - these networks are referred to as globalization.

Large businesses that have operations across multiple countries, often influencing trade and investment flows.

The movement of capital or money from one country to another, often driven by businesses seeking new opportunities for investment.

The process of countries joining together to promote trade amongst themselves, creating a common market and reducing barriers to trade.

The evolving nature of work, with more flexible arrangements like part-time employment and self-employment becoming increasingly common.

The process of transferring ownership of state-run industries to private entities, potentially increasing competition and attracting foreign investment.

The transformation of a city's structure and function due to its unique geographic location, resources, and history.

The skills needed in the modern economy, primarily in sectors like services, technology, and knowledge-based industries.

Collecting data from a selection of pre-determined sites, ensuring even coverage and reducing bias.

Collecting data from sites chosen by chance, preventing deliberate bias.

Collecting data from different locations or groups to represent variations in a study area.

A type of data that can be measured and expressed numerically, like sediment size or flood depth.

A type of data that describes a phenomenon, often using words or observations, like coastal management success or flood impact descriptions.

A graphical representation where locations on a map are represented by symbols of varying sizes, reflecting the value of data associated with each location.

A visual tool that compares and contrasts two aspects on a single scale, often used to show positive and negative impacts.

A graph that shows the changing values of a variable along a defined line or path, often used for river channel characteristics.