Geological Engineering Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of Geological Engineering?

Studying biological factors in the earth
Using geological sciences and engineering to study geological factors for solving technical problems (correct)
Exploring and developing renewable energy sources
Protecting the environment only

Which specialty area falls under Geological engineering?

Meteorology
Astronomy studies
Hydrogeology, groundwater studies, and engineering (correct)
Marine biology

Which discipline is Engineering geology based on?

Mineralogy (correct)
Computer science
Political science
Agricultural science

What may Engineering geology exist under or be a part of?

Civil engineering (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does Geological Engineering provide solutions to from a geological point of view?

Construction problems (A) Signup and view all the answers

Define crustal deformation and explain the three types of stress that cause it.

Crustal deformation refers to the changing of the Earth's crust due to tectonic forces. The three types of stress that cause crustal deformation are compression, which causes folding; tension, which causes thinning; and shear, which causes one type of faults. Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of strike and dip, and how is it used in describing the orientation of deformed rock layers?

The concept of strike and dip is used to describe the orientation of deformed rock layers. Strike refers to the direction of the line formed by the intersection of a horizontal plane with the surface of the inclined strata, and dip is a measure of the maximum angular deviation of an inclined plane from horizontal, measured perpendicular to the strike direction. Signup and view all the answers

How are strike and dip indicated on geologic maps?

Geologic maps indicate strike and dip by using a long line oriented in the strike direction and a short line perpendicular to the strike line, pointing in the dip direction. The number adjacent to the strike and dip symbol indicates the dip angle. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of determining the strike and dip azimuths and compass quadrant bearings?

To determine the strike and dip azimuths and compass quadrant bearings, the angle made by the green arrow with 0° is measured to obtain its azimuth. The azimuth and compass quadrant bearings are used to indicate the direction of the strike. Signup and view all the answers

How are sediments deposited according to the principle of original horizontality, and what type of rocks form horizontal or nearly horizontal layers?

According to the principle of original horizontality, sediments are deposited in horizontal layers. Sedimentary and some igneous rocks, especially many lava flows, form horizontal or nearly horizontal layers. Signup and view all the answers

What type of stress causes folding in the rock layers?

Compression (C) Signup and view all the answers

How is the concept of strike defined in structural geology?

The direction of the line formed by the intersection of a horizontal plane with the surface of the inclined strata (A) Signup and view all the answers