Geological Conditions PHPA-I Quiz

Questions and Answers

Which types of data are essential for planning reservoirs?

Primarily geological and tourism-related data

Only geological and seismic data

Seismic data and existing population statistics

Meteorological, hydrological, geological, and seismic data (correct)

What type of meteorological data is included in the planning process for reservoirs?

Data on current tourist activities

Atmospheric temperatures and wind speed (correct)

Sediment concentration exclusively

Only rainfall statistics

Which factor is NOT considered when collecting data for irrigation projects?

Future industrial development (correct)

Historical flood data

Soil types in the project area

Current crop varieties and their water requirements

What type of data is gathered about fauna during the reservoir planning process?

Migratory and breeding habits of local fish Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of knowing the existing transmission systems in hydropower projects?

It assists in understanding current capabilities for energy distribution Signup and view all the answers

In the context of reservoir planning, which of the following is considered when evaluating the potential tourism impact?

Encouragement of recreational use of rivers and lakes Signup and view all the answers

What information is crucial for determining the height of a dam during reservoir planning?

Volume of the reservoir Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is part of the data collection for water supply projects?

Future population growth forecasts Signup and view all the answers

What is the first basic stage of geological investigation for reservoir sites?

Reconnaissance Signup and view all the answers

Which map scale is typically used during the reconnaissance phase for geological explorations?

1:50,000 or 1:250,000 Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main objectives of the reconnaissance investigation?

To identify suitable construction materials Signup and view all the answers

What should be prepared if a geological map of the area is not available during reconnaissance?

A traverse geological map Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern to address during reconnaissance to ensure reservoir safety?

Potential leakage zones Signup and view all the answers

Which stage follows reconnaissance in geological exploration?

Detailed investigation Signup and view all the answers

What type of map should be employed to delineate areas requiring detailed study during reconnaissance?

Topographical index map Signup and view all the answers

What types of zones should be identified to ensure the stability of the reservoir rim?

Major unstable zones Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is NOT classified as a method for controlling sedimentation in reservoirs?

Removal of reservoir walls Signup and view all the answers

Watershed management and soil conservation measures aim to prevent sediment inflow into reservoirs. Which of the following is considered a method of watershed management?

Building check dams Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the sediment yield of a reservoir?

Design of the dam Signup and view all the answers

What is one example of an engineering method used for sediment control?

Use of check dams Signup and view all the answers

Sediment delivery characteristics play a crucial role in reservoir management. Which aspect does NOT directly influence sediment delivery?

Construction material of the dam Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main objectives of the reconnaissance stage in geological explorations for reservoir sites?

To recognize major geological formations Signup and view all the answers

What type of study should be undertaken to identify faults with active seismic status?

Regional seismotechtonic study Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical action based on the reconnaissance studies during the preliminary investigation?

Estimate exploration extent including drilling holes Signup and view all the answers

Which of these formations may need to be delineated at a scale of 1:50000 during preliminary investigations?

Lateral extent of major dislocations Signup and view all the answers

What does the impoundment of a reservoir sometimes result in?

Increased seismic activity Signup and view all the answers

What should guidelines laid down in IS 4453:1980 be followed for?

Exploration techniques including pits and trenches Signup and view all the answers

Which rock types are prevalent in the catchment of the storage dam project, affecting sediment rates?

Igneous and metamorphic rocks Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the geological condition needs to be recognized during reconnaissance investigations?

The ecological setup of the region Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of freeboard in the context of dam construction?

To serve as a safety margin against overtopping Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following constraints should be considered when planning a reservoir?

Community activism against construction Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the planning process for constructing a reservoir?

Determining the needs and purposes for the reservoir Signup and view all the answers

In what manner can the construction of a dam benefit the local community?

By providing jobs through labor-intensive construction Signup and view all the answers

What type of system may be created to gather relevant information during the planning of a reservoir?

Geographical Information System (GIS) Signup and view all the answers

What factor does not contribute to the need for freeboard in dam construction?

Potential sediment buildup Signup and view all the answers

During reservoir planning, why is it important to assemble reports from previous investigations?

To learn from similar projects and their outcomes Signup and view all the answers

Why might a reservoir planning project face social constraints?

Due to opposition from environmental activists Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Reservoir Management and Planning

Framework for managing silt and sediment zones in reservoirs by dividing them into distinct areas.
Freeboard defined as safety margin to prevent dam overtopping, accounting for settlement, wave run-up, flood surges, and landslide impacts.

Steps in Reservoir Planning

Initial step involves assessing needs and constraints for reservoir construction, considering social and financial factors.
Second step focuses on gathering existing data, including:
- Past investigations and comparative project performance.
- Creation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) utilizing survey maps.
- Topographical, geological, and seismic data to identify potential issues.

Data Collection for Informed Decisions

Meteorological and hydrological data crucial for project feasibility, including rainfall, temperature, evaporation rates, and river flow statistics.
Population studies and projections for water demand, along with irrigation needs related to local soil and crops.
Analyzing energy demand for hydropower projects based on historical data and future growth forecasts.
Biodiversity assessments to understand local flora, fauna, and recreational use of water bodies.

Geological Exploration Techniques

Investigations are categorized into reconnaissance and preliminary stages:
- Reconnaissance:
  - Utilizes geological maps and aerial photographs for initial assessment.
  - Identifies leakage zones, unstable areas, and potential construction material sources.
  - Recognizes major geological formations for silting predictions and identifies economic mineral deposits.
- Preliminary Investigation:
  - Determines the extent of exploration needed, including drilling and geophysical surveys.
  - Discerns potential leakage zones and geophysical characteristics like sand deposits and slides.

Sedimentation Control in Reservoirs

Techniques for sedimentation management grouped into:
- Adequate reservoir design.
- Control of sediment inflow through watershed management and preventive measures.
- Sediment deposition control methods.
- Removal strategies for deposited sediment post-accumulation.

Factors Influencing Sediment Capacity

Sediment yield dependent on various factors, such as topography, geological structure, meteorological conditions, and land use.
Importance of sediment delivery characteristics of river systems to managing reservoir efficiency.

Control Measures for Sediment Inflow

Implementation of soil conservation techniques categorized into:
- Engineering methods:
  - Construction of check dams and use of gully plugging.
- Agronomic measures: Enhancements in farming practices.
- Forestry practices:
  - Forest management to minimize erosion and sediment impact on reservoirs.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the geological conditions relevant to the PHPA-I project. This quiz covers key concepts in geological formations, ecology, and site reconnaissance. Explore how science and technology converge with GNH values in this essential field.