GEOL 270: Sedimentology and Stratigraphy Lecture 4 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the second most abundant type of sedimentary rocks?

  • Metamorphic rocks
  • Terrigenous clastic rocks (correct)
  • Igneous rocks
  • Biogenic sedimentary rocks

What is the primary material that limestones are composed of?

  • Silica
  • Calcium carbonate (correct)
  • Sodium chloride
  • Potassium carbonate

What term is used to refer to limestones due to their composition of calcium carbonate?

  • Ferrous
  • Carbonaceous
  • Calcareous (correct)
  • Siliceous

Which of the following minerals is NOT a principal mineral in carbonate sediments and rocks?

<p>Halite (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of marine organisms is mentioned to have hard parts made of calcium magnesium carbonate?

<p>Echinoderms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of magnesium substitution makes calcite less stable?

<p>11% - 19% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main processes by which carbonate sediments and rocks are formed?

<p>Biomineralization and direct chemical precipitation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is limestone economically important?

<p>It plays a role in the global carbon cycle and acts as a reservoir for oil and gas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms is NOT mentioned as contributing to biogenic carbonate formation?

<p>Diatoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the concentration of warm-water carbonate depositional settings within 30° north and south of the equator?

<p>The relatively constant and warm seawater temperatures throughout the year (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of cementation in the formation of carbonate rocks?

<p>It is the process that consolidates unconsolidated carbonate sediments into rocks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does limestone play in the global carbon cycle?

<p>It stores a significant amount of carbon on Earth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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