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GEOL 270: Sedimentology and Stratigraphy Lecture 4 Quiz

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GEOL 270: Sedimentology and Stratigraphy Lecture 4 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the second most abundant type of sedimentary rocks?

Metamorphic rocks

Terrigenous clastic rocks (correct)

Igneous rocks

Biogenic sedimentary rocks

What is the primary material that limestones are composed of?

Silica

Calcium carbonate (correct)

Sodium chloride

Potassium carbonate

What term is used to refer to limestones due to their composition of calcium carbonate?

Ferrous

Carbonaceous

Calcareous (correct)

Siliceous

Which of the following minerals is NOT a principal mineral in carbonate sediments and rocks?

Halite Signup and view all the answers

Which type of marine organisms is mentioned to have hard parts made of calcium magnesium carbonate?

Echinoderms Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of magnesium substitution makes calcite less stable?

11% - 19% Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main processes by which carbonate sediments and rocks are formed?

Biomineralization and direct chemical precipitation Signup and view all the answers

Why is limestone economically important?

It plays a role in the global carbon cycle and acts as a reservoir for oil and gas Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms is NOT mentioned as contributing to biogenic carbonate formation?

Diatoms Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the concentration of warm-water carbonate depositional settings within 30° north and south of the equator?

The relatively constant and warm seawater temperatures throughout the year Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of cementation in the formation of carbonate rocks?

It is the process that consolidates unconsolidated carbonate sediments into rocks Signup and view all the answers

What role does limestone play in the global carbon cycle?

It stores a significant amount of carbon on Earth Signup and view all the answers