Geography Unit 3-6 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the windward side of a mountain?

The windward side is the direction towards where the wind is coming from.

What is the leeward side of a mountain?

The leeward side is the direction downwards from where the wind is coming from.

What is the difference between the windward and leeward sides of a mountain?

The windward side has harsher, wetter, and cooler climates than the leeward side, which is dry and warm.

Why are leeward and windward sides of a mountain different from each other?

<p>As air passes across the windward side, moisture is drawn out of it. The climate is drier on the leeward side because as the air moves down the opposite side, it loses moisture and warms up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differences would you see on a climate graph between Cambridge Bay and St.John's?

<p>St.John's would have moderate temperatures and higher precipitation levels, while Cambridge Bay would have colder temperatures and lower precipitation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does L in Lowern stand for?

<p>Latitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does latitude affect temperature?

<p>The closer you are to the equator, the higher temperatures will be.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does latitude affect precipitation?

<p>The further you are from the equator, the less precipitation there is.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the O in Lowern stand for?

<p>Ocean currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do ocean currents affect temperature?

<p>Warm ocean currents raise temperatures, while cold currents lower temperatures along the coast.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do ocean currents affect precipitation?

<p>Warm ocean currents create wet coastal climates and cold ocean currents create dry coastal climates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the W in Lowern stand for?

<p>Wind</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do winds affect temperature?

<p>Winds moving off from large bodies of water onto land moderate temperatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do winds affect precipitation?

<p>Winds moving off of bodies of water create wetter climates, while winds from dry lands create drier climates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the e in Lowern stand for?

<p>Elevation</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does elevation affect temperature?

<p>The higher you go, the colder it is; temperatures drop by 1 degree every 100 meters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does elevation affect precipitation?

<p>The higher you are, the more precipitation you are likely to get.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the R in Lowern stand for?

<p>Relief barriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do relief barriers affect temperatures?

<p>Landforms block winds and air masses, causing temperature differences on both sides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do relief barriers affect precipitation?

<p>The windward side of the mountain is wetter than the leeward side due to moisture deposition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the N in Lowern stand for?

<p>Nearness to water bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the nearness to water bodies affect temperatures?

<p>Nearness to water creates moderate temperatures along the coast.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does nearness to water bodies affect precipitation?

<p>Precipitation is higher in maritime climates than continental climates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the natural vegetation regions?

<p>Tundra, mixed forest, boreal forests, grasslands, deciduous forests, west coast forests, and cordilleran vegetation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the landform regions of Canada?

<p>Western cordillera, Canadian Shield, Arctic and Hudson Bay lowlands, Appalachians, interior plains, Innuitians, and Great Lakes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is red and blue on a climate graph?

<p>Red is temperature and blue is precipitation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can we do to stay safe and be self-sufficient during a severe natural disaster?

<p>Know the risks for natural disasters, make a plan, and get a kit that can last you 72 hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emergency preparedness?

<p>Emergency preparedness is being prepared to go through a natural disaster.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which landform region is the oldest?

<p>Canadian Shield, which is also the biggest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's the difference between coniferous and deciduous trees?

<p>Deciduous trees have leaves that fall during cold seasons; coniferous trees have needles that last year-round.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What landform region has young jagged mountains and which ones have old rounded mountains?

<p>The western cordillera has young jagged mountains, and the Appalachians have old round mountains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the most northern landform region?

<p>Innuitian Highlands</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vegetation region is the most northern?

<p>Tundra</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tree line?

<p>The line where trees stop growing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What vegetation regions do we live in?

<p>Mixed Forest</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of vegetation can be found in each vegetation region?

<p>Mixed forest: Coniferous and deciduous trees. West coast: Diverse. Broad-leaved: Deciduous trees. Boreal forest: Coniferous trees. Grasslands: Tall grasses. Tundra: Shrubs and small plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Windward and Leeward Sides

  • Windward side faces the wind; experiences harsher, wetter, and cooler climates.
  • Leeward side is sheltered from wind; drier and warmer due to moisture loss from descending air.

Climate Differences in Locations

  • St. John's: Moderate temperatures, high precipitation due to proximity to water.
  • Cambridge Bay: Colder temperatures, low precipitation due to frozen waters obstructing condensation.

Factors Influencing Climate

  • Latitude: Closer to the equator increases temperatures; latitudinal distance decreases precipitation due to cold water evaporation limits.
  • Ocean Currents: Warm currents raise coastal temperatures, while cold currents lower them. Warm currents create wet coastal climates; cold currents lead to dryness.
  • Wind: Winds from water bodies moderate temperatures and create wetter climates; winds from dry lands result in drier climates.
  • Elevation: Higher altitudes mean colder temperatures (drop of 1 degree per 100 meters). Increased elevation also results in higher precipitation.
  • Relief Barriers: Mountains block winds; windward side receives more moisture while leeward side becomes dry due to descending air warming and evaporating moisture.
  • Nearness to Water Bodies: Coastal areas have moderate temperatures and higher precipitation compared to inland regions.

Natural Vegetation and Landform Regions

  • Natural vegetation regions include tundra, mixed forests, boreal forests, grasslands, deciduous forests, west coast forests, and cordilleran vegetation.
  • Major landform regions of Canada: Western Cordillera, Canadian Shield, Arctic and Hudson Bay Lowlands, Appalachians, Interior Plains, Innuitians, Great Lakes.

Climate Graphs

  • Red lines represent temperature; blue lines indicate precipitation levels.

Emergency Preparedness

  • Key steps: Know disaster risks, create an emergency plan, assemble a survival kit for 72 hours.

Tree Types and Landform Features

  • Canadian Shield: Oldest and largest landform region.
  • Coniferous vs. Deciduous Trees: Deciduous trees shed leaves seasonally; coniferous trees maintain needles year-round.
  • Western Cordillera features young, jagged mountains; Appalachians showcase old, rounded mountains.
  • Innuitian Highlands represent the northernmost landform region.
  • Tundra is the northernmost vegetation region.

Vegetation Zones and Tree Line

  • Tree line: The boundary where trees cease to grow, marking limits in harsher climates.
  • Mixed forests contain both coniferous and deciduous trees, while different regions host specific vegetation types such as tall grasses in grasslands and shrubs in tundra.

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Test your understanding of key geographical terms related to mountains, including the concepts of windward and leeward sides. This quiz consists of flashcards that provide definitions to enhance your knowledge of mountain geography. Perfect for students of geography looking to reinforce their learning.

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