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Questions and Answers
Which country shares its border with Nepal to the north?
What is the approximate percentage of Nepal's total area covered by the Hilly Region?
What is the highest climatic zone in Nepal?
During which period did the Kirat Kingdom rule in Nepal?
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Who unified Nepal during the Unification and Modern Period?
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What is the approximate longitude of Nepal?
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Study Notes
Geography of Nepal
Location and Borders
- Nepal is a landlocked country located in South Asia
- Borders: India to the east, west, and south; Tibet (China) to the north
- Longitude: 80° 4' to 88° 12' E
- Latitude: 26° 22' to 30° 27' N
Topography
- Nepal is divided into three geographical regions:
- Himalayan Region (15% of total area)
- Home to the highest peaks, including Mount Everest
- Hilly Region (68% of total area)
- Rolling hills, valleys, and rivers
- Terai Region (17% of total area)
- Fertile plains, forests, and grasslands
- Himalayan Region (15% of total area)
Climate
- Varies greatly due to altitude and latitude
- Ranges from tropical to arctic climates
- Five climatic zones:
- Tropical (below 1,200m)
- Subtropical (1,200-2,400m)
- Temperate (2,400-3,600m)
- Alpine (3,600-4,800m)
- Arctic (above 4,800m)
History of Nepal
Ancient Period (3000 BCE - 1200 CE)
- The Kirat Kingdom (700 BCE - 300 CE)
- The Licchavi Period (400 - 750 CE)
- The Thakuri Period (750 - 1200 CE)
Medieval Period (1200 - 1769 CE)
- The Malla Kingdom (1200 - 1769 CE)
- The three kingdoms: Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Patan
Unification and Modern Period (1769 - present)
- The Shah Dynasty (1769 - 2008 CE)
- Unification of Nepal by Prithvi Narayan Shah
- The Rana Rule (1846 - 1951 CE)
- Democracy and Constitutional Monarchy (1951 - present)
Note: The dates mentioned above are approximate and serve as a general guideline for understanding the historical timeline of Nepal.
Geography of Nepal
Location and Borders
- Nepal is a landlocked country located in South Asia, bordered by India to the east, west, and south, and Tibet (China) to the north
- Nepal's longitude ranges from 80° 4' to 88° 12' E, and its latitude ranges from 26° 22' to 30° 27' N
Topography
- Nepal is divided into three geographical regions, covering 15%, 68%, and 17% of the total area, respectively
- The Himalayan Region is home to the highest peaks, including Mount Everest
- The Hilly Region features rolling hills, valleys, and rivers
- The Terai Region is characterized by fertile plains, forests, and grasslands
Climate
- Nepal's climate varies greatly due to altitude and latitude, ranging from tropical to arctic climates
- The country has five climatic zones, including tropical, subtropical, temperate, alpine, and arctic zones
- The climatic zones are categorized based on altitude: tropical (below 1,200m), subtropical (1,200-2,400m), temperate (2,400-3,600m), alpine (3,600-4,800m), and arctic (above 4,800m)
History of Nepal
Ancient Period (3000 BCE - 1200 CE)
- The Kirat Kingdom ruled from 700 BCE to 300 CE
- The Licchavi Period lasted from 400 to 750 CE
- The Thakuri Period took place from 750 to 1200 CE
Medieval Period (1200 - 1769 CE)
- The Malla Kingdom dominated from 1200 to 1769 CE
- The three kingdoms of Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Patan existed during this period
Unification and Modern Period (1769 - present)
- The Shah Dynasty ruled from 1769 to 2008 CE
- Prithvi Narayan Shah unified Nepal
- The Rana Rule lasted from 1846 to 1951 CE
- Nepal transitioned to democracy and constitutional monarchy from 1951 CE onwards
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Description
Explore the geographical features of Nepal, including its location, borders, and topography. Learn about the country's three regions: Himalayan, Hilly, and Terai.