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Questions and Answers
What is the optimal temperature range for cotton cultivation?
What is the optimal temperature range for cotton cultivation?
Which region in India is primarily known for cotton cultivation?
Which region in India is primarily known for cotton cultivation?
Which mineral is predominantly found in the Northeastern Plateau Region?
Which mineral is predominantly found in the Northeastern Plateau Region?
Which state is not part of the Central Region mineral belt?
Which state is not part of the Central Region mineral belt?
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What is the main economic activity in Gujarat related to agriculture?
What is the main economic activity in Gujarat related to agriculture?
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Which mineral is found in the Southern Plateau Region?
Which mineral is found in the Southern Plateau Region?
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Which major mineral is primarily extracted from the Northwestern Region?
Which major mineral is primarily extracted from the Northwestern Region?
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Which plateau is referred to as the heartland of minerals?
Which plateau is referred to as the heartland of minerals?
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Which of the following states is included in the Central Region mineral zones?
Which of the following states is included in the Central Region mineral zones?
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What is the major mineral found in the Northeastern Plateau Region?
What is the major mineral found in the Northeastern Plateau Region?
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Which of the following states is part of the Southwestern Region's mineral belt?
Which of the following states is part of the Southwestern Region's mineral belt?
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Which major mineral is NOT found in the Northwestern Plateau Region?
Which major mineral is NOT found in the Northwestern Plateau Region?
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Which mineral is primarily mined in Karnataka?
Which mineral is primarily mined in Karnataka?
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In which state is the major mining center of Koraput located?
In which state is the major mining center of Koraput located?
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What is a significant mineral resource in Tamil Nadu?
What is a significant mineral resource in Tamil Nadu?
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Which mineral is primarily associated with the mining center of Dhanbad?
Which mineral is primarily associated with the mining center of Dhanbad?
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Which tree is commonly found in Moist Tropical Deciduous Forests?
Which tree is commonly found in Moist Tropical Deciduous Forests?
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Which of the following regions is associated with Southern Montane Forests?
Which of the following regions is associated with Southern Montane Forests?
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What is the expected rainfall range for Dry Deciduous Forests?
What is the expected rainfall range for Dry Deciduous Forests?
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Which of these is not a type of soil found in the Peninsular Plateau?
Which of these is not a type of soil found in the Peninsular Plateau?
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Which type of forest contains trees that are typically short and thorny?
Which type of forest contains trees that are typically short and thorny?
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In which region would you typically find Black soil?
In which region would you typically find Black soil?
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What type of vegetation predominates below 1500 metres in the Southern Montane Forests?
What type of vegetation predominates below 1500 metres in the Southern Montane Forests?
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Which of these is primarily associated with Tropical Thorn Forests?
Which of these is primarily associated with Tropical Thorn Forests?
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Which state is most likely to have Southern Montane forests?
Which state is most likely to have Southern Montane forests?
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What is the annual rainfall characteristic of Tropical Thorn Forests?
What is the annual rainfall characteristic of Tropical Thorn Forests?
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Study Notes
Peninsular Plateau of India
- A triangular-shaped physiographic division
- Located south of the North Indian Plains
- Bordered by the Western Ghats west and Eastern Ghats east
- Covers a major portion of Peninsular India
- Area: 16 lakh square kilometers
Features of the Peninsular Plateau
- Angular shaped physiographic unit
- Average altitude: 600 to 900 meters
- Extensive tablelands bordered by mountain ranges and hills
- Comparatively shallow river valleys
- Habitat for diverse flora and fauna
- One of the oldest landforms in the world
- Largest and oldest physical division of India
States Belonging to the Peninsular Plateau
- Andhra Pradesh
- Chhattisgarh
- Gujarat
- Jharkhand
- Karnataka
- Kerala
- Madhya Pradesh
- Maharashtra
- Odisha
- Rajasthan
- Tamil Nadu
- Telangana
Classification of Peninsular Plateau
- Deccan Plateau
- Central Highlands
- Malwa Plateau
- Chota Nagpur Plateau
Deccan Plateau
- Portion of the Peninsular Plateau south of the Satpura ranges
- Between the Western and Eastern Ghats
- Satpura Range, Maikala Range, and Mahadeo Hills form the northern boundary
- Derived from Sanskrit word "Dakshin", meaning "South"
Western Ghats
- Mountain range extending from Kanyakumari south to Gujarat north
- Length: 1600 km
- Western edge of the Deccan Plateau
- Height increases gradually from north to south
- Highest peak: Anamudi (2695 meters) in the Anamalai Hills
- Influences the climate, biodiversity, and lifestyle of people in Kerala
Eastern Ghats
- Mountain range extending from the Mahanadi banks in Odisha to the Nilgiri ranges in Tamil Nadu
- Length: 800 km
- The Western and Eastern Ghats join at the Nilgiri Hills in Tamil Nadu
Nilgiri Hills
- The meeting point of the Western and Eastern Ghats
- Hill stations like Ooty, Kotagiri, and Coonoor are major attractions
- Known as the "Queen of Hills": Ooty (Udagamandalam)
- Beautiful meadows, temperate vegetation, and pleasant climate
- First Biosphere Reserve in India
Central Highlands
- Extensive portion of the Peninsular Plateau north of the Satpura Ranges
- Classified into Malwa Plateau and Chota Nagpur Plateau
- Malwa Plateau bordered by the Aravali mountains on its western margin
- Highest peak: Mount Abu, major hill station
Aravali Ranges
- Old fold mountains or residual mountains worn down by long-term erosion
Mount Abu
- Highest peak in the Malwa Plateau
- Major hill station in the Aravali range
Climate of the Peninsular Plateau
- Tropical monsoon climate
- Spatio-temporal variations in temperature and rainfall
Factors Influencing the Plateau's Climate
- Tropical location
- Peculiar shape of the peninsula
- Distance from the ocean
- Orientation of mountain ranges
- Direction of monsoon winds
Rainfall in the Peninsular Plateau
- Moderate throughout the plateau, except the western slopes of the Western Ghats
- Western slopes of the Western Ghats receive heavy rainfall during southwest monsoon
- Plateau regions near the eastern slopes receive less rainfall (less than 50 cm) as they are in the rain shadow region
Peninsular Rivers
- Slope from West to East
- Western Ghats is the major water divide
- Classified into three divisions: rivers flowing eastwards into the Bay of Bengal, rivers flowing westwards into the Arabian Sea, and rivers flowing northwards to join Yamuna and Ganga
- Factors dividing the peninsular drainage system: Western Ghats, mountain ranges of Central Highlands, Aravali ranges extending to Delhi ridges
Tributaries of River Ganga (central highlands)
- Son River
- Betwa River
- Ken River
- Sindh River
Chambal Ravines
- Distinctive badland topographical features along the northern slopes of the Malwa Plateau, formed by erosion of Chambal River and tributaries
Natural Vegetation of the Peninsular Plateau
- Tropical Deciduous Forests (moist & dry types)
- Tropical Thorn Forests
- Southern Montane Forests (Shola Forests)
Soil Types of Peninsular Plateau
- In-situ soils
- Transported soils
- Examples: Black soil, Red soil and Laterite soil,
- Mountain soil
Agriculture in the Peninsular Plateau
- Major crops: Rice, Wheat, Cotton, Sugarcane, Tobacco, Tea, Coffee
- Unfavorable factors: Undulating topography, Fluvial eroded surface soil, Steep slopes, Thin top soil, Exposed rocks, A few scattered hills
River Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri
- Godavari: Largest peninsular river, 1465 km long, 3.13 lakh sq.km catchment area
- Krishna: Second-largest peninsular river
- Kaveri: Third-largest peninsular river
Important Mining Centers
- Located in the states of: Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and Jharkhand
Factors Leading to Population Growth in the Peninsular Plateau
- Beginning of mining activities
- Development of road-rail networks
- Growth of mineral-based industries
- Scope of commercial agriculture based on irrigation
- Advances in technology
Major Cities in the Peninsular Plateau
- Bengaluru
- Hyderabad
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Description
Test your knowledge about the key minerals and agricultural practices in India, focusing on regions known for cotton and mineral cultivation. This quiz covers various states and their primary economic activities related to minerals. Discover how well you know India's rich geological diversity!
