Geography of Europe

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Questions and Answers

Which geographic feature significantly influences Europe's climate and accessibility?

  • The vast steppes of Eastern Europe, promoting cold, continental weather patterns.
  • The Ural Mountains, acting as a barrier to Arctic air masses.
  • The extensive coastlines along the Arctic, Atlantic, Mediterranean, Caspian, and Black Seas. (correct)
  • The Sahara Desert, creating warm, dry conditions across the continent.

Which factor most accurately determines whether a country like Russia or Turkey is considered transcontinental?

  • The presence of significant cultural and economic exchange between the country and both continents.
  • The country's historical ties to both Asia and Europe, regardless of current territory.
  • The location of the country’s capital city, relative to the boundaries of Asia and Europe.
  • The possession of territories located on both the Asian and European continents. (correct)

What is the primary distinction between the terms 'Great Britain' and 'United Kingdom'?

  • Great Britain is a geographical term referring to the largest island, while the United Kingdom is a sovereign nation. (correct)
  • United Kingdom is strictly a geographical term, while Great Britain is a political designation.
  • Great Britain includes Northern Ireland, unlike the United Kingdom.
  • Great Britain only refers to England and Wales while the United Kingdom includes Scotland and Ireland.

How does the concept of 'Sovereign Nation' relate to the understanding of the United Kingdom?

<p>It emphasizes the UK's ability to govern itself independently, make its own laws, and control its territories. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you were planning a trip to experience Scandinavia's cultural heritage, which set of countries would be the MOST relevant to visit?

<p>Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When comparing the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) with Scandinavian countries, what is one key DIFFERENCE in their recent history?

<p>The Baltic States experienced Soviet Occupation, influencing their political and cultural development. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which culinary experience would MOST LIKELY immerse you in the regional gastronomy of Denmark?

<p>Enjoying Smørrebrød and Stegt Flask. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the Czech Republic and Slovakia from the former Czechoslovakia?

<p>Czechoslovakia was a country that peacefully dissolved into two separate, independent nations: the Czech Republic and Slovakia. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you wanted to explore architectural landmarks significantly influenced by Antoni Gaudí, in which city would you MOST LIKELY travel?

<p>Barcelona. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When preparing a presentation on the tourist attractions of Northern Ireland, which sites would give the audience an accurate portrayal of the region's iconic landmarks?

<p>Giant's Causeway and Titanic Belfast. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the geographical location of Svalbard influence its environmental characteristics?

<p>Its high-latitude positioning leads to arctic conditions and unique wildlife like polar bears and seals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the geographical position of Greece and Malta, contribute to their appeal as tourist destinations?

<p>Their southern European location, provides a favorable climate and access to coastal landscapes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the Ural Mountains and Russia's geography?

<p>The Ural Mountains serves as a natural border between Europe and Asia. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key distinction between western and eastern Europe in terms of their countries?

<p>Eastern Europe countries are on the Eastern side of Russia, while Western Europe countries are on the other side. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the "Union Jack," or union flag play, for the United Kingdom?

<p>The flag serves as the United Kingdom's national flag. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the traditions of 'Guy Fawkes Night' and 'Daylight Savings Time' reflect British culture and history?

<p>'Guy Fawkes Night' has roots in a failed attempt to assassinate King James I, while 'Daylight Savings Time' was originally introduced to conserve energy during World War I. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What element links the tourist attractions of Giant's Causeway, Cliffs of Moher, and Dingle Peninsula?

<p>They all highlight Ireland's natural landscapes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you were creating a tourism brochure featuring landmarks of Scandinavia, which destinations would exemplify the region's unique appeal?

<p>The Little Mermaid, Fjords, and Northern Lights. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you were asked to recommend specific sites reflecting Germany's history which of the following site is most plausible?

<p>Black Forest Schwarzwald &amp; Cologne Cathedral. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a traveler wanted to the Vatican City, what should they generally know?

<p>Vatican City is home of the Pope. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Europe

Second smallest continent, having 44 countries.

Northern Europe Countries

Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom.

Western Europe Countries

Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Liechtenstein, Luxemburg, Monaco, Netherlands, Switzerland.

Eastern Europe Countries

Belarus, Bulgaria, Czechia, Hungary, Poland, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Ukraine.

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Southern Europe Countries

Albania, Andorra, Bosnia, Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Malta, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Portugal, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Vatican

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Transcontinental Countries

Nations that have territories on two continents, both Asia and Europe.

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British Isles

Great Britain, Ireland, and numerous smaller islands.

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Four Main Countries in UK

England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

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United Kingdom

Sovereign nation with King Charles II, using the union jack or flag symbol.

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Scandinavia

Sweden, Norway, and Denmark.

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Baltic Countries

Region in Northern Europe made up by Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

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Russia

Largest country in the world, spanning both Europe and Asia.

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Ukraine

Second largest country in Europe.

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Vatican City

A territory or nation located inside of mainland Italy

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Balkan Countries

Regions, countries or states located on the Balkan Peninsula.

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South Africa

Home to cities of Pretoria, Cape town, Bloemfontein

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Sweden, Stockhom

One of the most inclusive cities in the world.

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Study Notes

  • Europe is the second smallest continent

Key Locations in Europe

  • Svalbard is located at the North Pole, on the north side of Europe and is home to polar bears and seals
  • Greece and Malta are in the south of Europe
  • The Ural Mountains are the highest in Russia

Geographical facts about Europe

  • Europe is surrounded by the Arctic, Atlantic, and Mediterranean Seas, as well as the Caspian and Black Seas
  • There are 44 countries in Europe

Countries in Northern Europe

  • Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom are countries in Northern Europe
  • The three regions of Northern Europe are the Baltic region, the British Isles and Scandinavia

Countries in Western Europe

  • Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, Netherlands, and Switzerland are countries in Western Europe

Countries in Eastern Europe

  • Belarus, Bulgaria, Czechia, Hungary, Poland, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, and Ukraine are countries in Eastern Europe

Countries in Southern Europe

  • Albania, Andorra, Bosnia, Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Malta, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Portugal, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain and Vatican are countries in Southern Europe

Transcontinental Countries

  • Are nations with land in both Asia and Europe

Nations that are transcontinental

  • Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia, and Cyprus

British Isles

  • Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland include smaller islands like the Hebrides, Shetland Islands, Orkney Islands, Isles of Scilly and Isle of Man

Four Main Countries in the British Isles

  • Northern Ireland's capital is Belfast
  • England's capital is London
  • Scotland's capital is Edinburgh
  • Wales' capital is Cardiff

United kingdom facts

  • The UK is a sovereign nation
  • King Charles II and Keir Starmer are associated with the UK
  • Great Britain is a geographical term and the largest island
  • The Union Jack is the national flag

Gastronomy of the UK

  • Full English Breakfast, Fish and Chips, Cream/Scone and Tea, Roast/Sunday Dinner, and Toad in the Hole are popular foods

Traditions of the UK

  • Guy Fawkes Night, and Daylight Savings Time are traditions

Holidays in the UK

  • Pancake Day/Shrove Tuesday, Christmas, Boxing Day, and New Year's Eve

Attractions in England

  • London Bridge, Big Ben, the London Eye, Buckingham Palace, and Stonehenge

Landmark of Wales

  • Cardiff Castle

Landmarks of Scotland

  • Edinburgh Castle, Stirling Castle, Great Glen, and the Loch Ness Monster

Landmarks of Northern Ireland

  • Giants Causeway and coast and Titanic Belfast

Ireland Facts

  • Ireland is the second largest island
  • The President is Michael D Higgins
  • The Taoiseach is Micheal Martin
  • The Tanaiste is Simon Harris
  • "Slainte" means heath
  • The capital is Dublin

Gastronomy of Ireland

  • Irish Breakfast, Irish beer, Irish Stew, Irish Corned Beef, Coddle and Colcannon

Traditions of Ireland

  • St. Patrick's Day, Easter, Halloween, Christmas, the Irish Craft Beer and Gin Garden Festival, and the Galway Food Festival

Tourist attractions in Ireland

  • Giant's Causeway, the Cliffs of Moher, Dingle Peninsula, Dublin Castle and Newgrange

Scandinavia

  • A region in Northern Europe consisting of Sweden, Norway, and Denmark; sometimes includes Finland, Iceland, and the Faroe Islands
  • Scandinavia is at the North Pole

Capital Regions of Scandinavia

  • Denmark; Copenhagen
  • Finland; Helsinki
  • Iceland; Reykjavik
  • Norway; Oslo
  • Sweden; Stockholm

Denamark Facts

  • The Danish flag is Dannebrog
  • The government is a constitutional monarchy
  • Its capital is Copenhagen
  • The language is Danish
  • The currency is Krone
  • It consists of more than 400 islands in the North Sea
  • It is made up of the Jutland Peninsula
  • People are called Danish
  • The Queen of Denmark is HM Queen Margreth II

Gastronomy of Denmark

  • Stegt Flask and Smørrebrød

Tourist attractions in Denmark

  • The Little Mermaid, Egeskov Castle, Kvarnstrup and Nyhavn

Finland Facts

  • Symbolic flag that is white = white Finland, Blue = Land of a thousand lakes
  • The capital is Helsinki
  • The languages are Finnish/Swedish
  • Also called the Land of the Lakes
  • Once under Soviet occupation

Gastronomy of Finland

  • Karelian Hot Pot, Sautéed Reindeer

Tourist Attractions of Finland

  • Glass Cabin, Suomenlinna Fortress, Turku Castle, Lake Saimaa and the Northern Lights

Sweden Facts

  • Land of Svea means Sweden
  • The flag is yellow and gold
  • Stockholm is inclusive
  • King Carl XVI Gustaf is the leader
  • The capital is Stockholm
  • The government is a Constitutional Monarchy
  • It is Bordered by Norway and Finland

Gastronomy of Sweden

  • Swedish Meatballs and Surströmming

Tourist Attractions of Sweden

  • Kebnekaise (highest mountain), the Northern Lights, Örebro Castle, Vasa Museum

Norway Facts

  • Harald V is head of state
  • The capital is Oslo
  • The government is a Constitutional Monarchy

Tourist Attractions of Norway

  • Fjords, Pulpit Rock and Svalbard

Gastronomy of Norway

  • Whale Shark

Iceland Facts

  • Iceland is a small island nation
  • The capital is Reykjavik

Tourist Attractions of Iceland

  • Blue Lagoon, Aurora Borealis, Landmannalaugar and Gullfoss Waterfalls

Baltic Countries

  • Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania
  • First Independence (1918), Soviet Occupation (1940) and Baltic independence 1991

Estonia

  • The capital is Tallinn

Tourist Attraction of Estonia

  • Historic Centre (Old Town of Tallinn), Singing Revolution, Lahemaa National Park, Rakvere Castle and Jagala Waterfalls

Latvia

  • The capital is Riga

Gastronomy of Latvia

  • Grey peas with Bacon (Pelekie Zirni Ar Speki) and Rupjmaize

Tourist Attractions in Latvia

  • Gauja National Park, Rundale Palace Museum and Kuldiga

Lithuania

  • The largest of the Baltic countries
  • The capital is Vilnius

Gastronomy of Lithuania

  • Cepelinai (Zeppelins) and Fried Bread or Kepta Duona

Tourist Attractions in Lithuania

  • Hill of Crosses, Vilnius Old Town and Trakai Island

Central Europe, France and Southern Europe

Poland

  • The capital is Warsaw

Attractions in Poland

  • Wawel Castle, Malbork Castle, Wieliczka and Bochnia Royal Salt Mines

Czechoslovakia

  • Czech Republic and Slovakia
  • Prague (Capital)

Czech Republic

  • Prague (Capital)
  • Prague Castle
  • St. Vitus Cathedral
  • Old Town Square

Slovakia

  • Bratislava (Capital)
  • Orava Castle
  • Vikoline

Germany

  • Berlin (Capital)
  • Land of Poets and Thinkers
  • Oktoberfest

Gastronomy of Germany

  • Schnitzel
  • Black Forest Gateau Cake (Gastronomy)

Attractions in Germany

  • Black Forest Schwarzwald
  • Cologne Cathedral
  • Shrine of the Magi
  • Neuschwanstein Castle
  • Berlin Wall Memorial

Switzerland

  • Small mountainous
  • Bern (Capital)
  • Lake Brienz, Iseltwald
  • Lake Geneva
  • Zurich (Country's Largest City)
  • Matterhorn

Belarus

  • Small Landlocked
  • Minsk (Capital)

Attractions in Belarus

  • Braslav Lake Area
  • Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park
  • Mir Castle

Moldova

  • Chisinau (Capital)

Attractions in Moldova

  • Orheiul Vechi
  • Cricova Winery
  • Soroca Fortress

Greece

  • Athens (Capital)

Gastronomy of Greece

  • Moussaka
  • Souvlaki

Attractions in Greece

  • Acropolis of Athens
  • Meteora
  • Mount Olympus
  • Ancient Olympia
  • Santorini

Turkey

  • Ankara (Capital)

Attractions in Turkey

  • Hagia Sophia
  • Cappadocia
  • Troy

Italy

  • Rome (Capital)

Gastronomy of Italy

  • Pasta, Pizza, Cheese and Wine

Attractions in Italy

  • Colosseum
  • The Leaning Tower of Pisa
  • Duomo di Milano (Milan Cathedral)
  • Venice
  • Trevi Fountain
  • Naples
  • Pompeii
  • Pantheon

Vatican City

  • Home of Pope
  • Smallest Country
  • Inside the City of Rome

Attractions in Vatican City

  • Vatican City
  • Papal Apartment
  • Sistine Chapel or Saint Peter's Basilica

France

  • Paris (Capital)

Gastronomy of France

  • Ratatouille
  • Creme Brulee
  • Beef Bourguignon
  • Bread

Attractions in France

  • Eiffel Tower=
  • Louvre Museum and Pyramid
  • Notre Dame de Paris
  • Arc de Triomphe
  • Joan of Arc
  • Napoleon Bonaparte
  • Gabriel Coco / Coco Chanel
  • Bernard Aurnalt / Louis Vuitton

Russia

  • Largest country in the world
  • moscow (Capital)

14 Countries bordering Russia

  • North Korea, China,, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, Belarus​, Poland, Latvia, Estonia, Norway and Finland

Gastronomy of Russia

  • Vinaigrette
  • Beef Stroganoff

Attractions in Russia

  • Savior on the Spilled Blood
  • St. Basil’s Cathedral
  • Lake Baikal

Ukraine

  • Second Largest country in europe
  • Kyiv/ kiev (capital)

Attractions in Ukraine

  • Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant
  • St. Sophia Cathedral
  • Kamenets Podolsky Castle

Balkan

  • Albania (tirana)
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina (sarajevo)
  • Bulgaria (sofia)
  • Croatia (zagreb)
  • Kosovo (pristina)
  • Montenegro (podgorica)
  • North Macedonia (skopje)
  • Romania (bucharest)
  • Serbia (belgrade)
  • Slovenia (ljubljana)

Istanbul

  • Turkey

Athens

  • Greece

Romania

  • Bucharest (capital)

Attractions in Romania

  • Old Princely Court and Church
  • St. Anthony Church
  • Romanian Athenaeum

Bulgaria

  • Sofia (Capital)

Attractions in Bulgaria

  • Varna
  • Veliko Tarnovo
  • Zheravna
  • Rila Monastery

Croatia

  • Zagreb (capital)

Attractions in Croatia

  • Minceta Tower
  • Diocletian's palace
  • Bokar Fortress

Netherlands

  • Amsterdam (capital)

Attractions in Netherlands

  • Windmills of Kinderdijk
  • Rijksmuseum
  • Anne Frank House
  • Heineken

Iberian

  • Spain and Portugal

Portuguese

  • Lisbon (Capital)

Gastronomy of Portuguese

  • Caldo verde
  • Chicken piri-piri

Attractions in Portuguese

  • Guimaraes
  • Ponta da Piedade
  • Monastery of the Dominicans of Baltha
  • Sao Jorge Castle
  • Capela dos Ossos (Chapel of bones)

Spain

  • Madrid (capital)

Gastronomy of Spain

  • Gazpacho
  • Tortilla
  • Churros
  • Paella Valenciana

Attractions in Spain

  • La Sagrada Familia
  • The Great Mosque of Cordoba (Mezquita)
  • Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela
  • The Royal Palace of Madrid

AFRICA

  • Is the second largest continent

Major regions in Africa

  • Sahara, Sahel, Ethiopian Highlands, Savanna, Swahili Coast, Rainforest, African Great Lakes and Southern Africa

Largest hot desert

  • Sahara

The Serengeti

Capitals

  • Rabat (Capital) and Ait Ben Haddou (Attractions)

Egypt

  • Cairo (Capital)

Attractions in Egypt

  • Nile River, Mosque of Muhammad Ali, Great Pyramids and Great Sphinx
  • Great Pyramids of Giza
  • Great Sphinx of Giza
  • Egyptian Mummy
  • Cleopatra

Nigeria (giant of africa)

  • Abuja (Capital)
  • Zuma rock

Kenya

  • Nirobi (capital)

Attractions in Kenya

  • Maasai Mara National Reserve
  • Nairobi National Park
  • Diani Beach

South Africa

  • Pretoria (administrative), Cape town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial)

Attractions in South Africa

  • Kruger National Park
  • Table Mountain

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