Geography: Map Features Overview

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Questions and Answers

What type of map specifically indicates national and state boundaries, as well as capital cities?

Topographic maps

Physical maps

Political maps (correct)

Thematic maps

What term is used to describe the relationship between distances on the map and actual distances on Earth?

Projection

Key

Scale (correct)

Contouring

Which color is typically used on maps to represent water?

Brown

Green

Yellow

Blue (correct)

What does a contour interval represent on a map?

The vertical distance between contour lines Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the grid pattern found on most maps?

To help locate places on the map Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Stop Order in construction?

To halt a development that breaches approved conditions Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances can a person appeal to the Minister regarding a Development Order?

Incase of refusal or approval of applications with conditions by planning authorities Signup and view all the answers

What is the statutory time limit for applying an Enforcement Notice?

12 years Signup and view all the answers

How long does a person have to appeal after being served an Enforcement Notice?

14 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Minister regarding appeals on Enforcement Notices?

To appoint a person to hear, receive and examine evidence Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'development' according to the Town and Country Planning Act?

Carrying out building, engineering, mining or other operations, or making material changes in land use Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a role of the local government?

Directly constructing private residential properties Signup and view all the answers

What is the operational date of the Town and Country Planning Act?

February 1, 1958 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following municipalities is located in the Cornwall region?

Westmoreland Signup and view all the answers

The Local Improvements Act governs which of the following?

Subdivisions of lands island wide Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal of the Town and Country Planning Act?

To ensure orderly and progressive development of land Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a responsibility of municipal corporations?

Spearheading local development initiatives Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the roles of local governments?

They support national development programs at the local level. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for conducting pre-consultation in the development process?

To allow planning authorities to review the proposed location and design concept. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the key professional organizations involved in team selection?

Jamaica Institute of Doctors (JID) Signup and view all the answers

What action can NEPA take if the stipulated conditions of a permit are not upheld?

Revoke or suspend the permit. Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential component of the decision-making process for planning permission applications?

Accompanying necessary drawings with the application. Signup and view all the answers

What does post permit monitoring by NEPA involve?

Ensuring stipulated conditions are met. Signup and view all the answers

What is one purpose of the drafting and finalizing plans stage?

To manage the team of professionals and make necessary revisions. Signup and view all the answers

Which is a reason for facilities to undertake self-monitoring?

To guarantee accountability and compliance with regulations. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following stages is NOT part of the development process?

Construction initiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the COP 21 commitment regarding climate change?

To limit global warming to 1.5˚ C above pre-industrial levels Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major risk for the Caribbean due to climate change?

Loss of 10% of Caribbean economies by 2050 Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a key investment priority in climate-smart real estate?

Making climate resilience a priority Signup and view all the answers

Which building feature is associated with traditional sustainability in architecture?

Wind resistant roofs Signup and view all the answers

What type of building is the Courtyard Marriott Kingston certified for?

LEED certified for New Construction Signup and view all the answers

What issue is directly linked to rising temperatures in the Caribbean?

Increased energy costs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following building practices is aimed at waste reduction?

Building Life Cycle Waste Reduction Signup and view all the answers

What does the phrase 'Do the best you can until you know better' emphasize?

Continuous learning and adaptation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Map Features

Maps are scale models of reality, showing the relationship between map distances and actual distances on Earth.
Scale can be represented graphically, verbally, or as a representative fraction.
Symbols represent geographic features, using colors, lines, and shapes.
Maps usually include a legend, or key, to explain symbols and the map's scale.
Contour lines connect points of equal elevation above sea level.
Contour intervals indicate the difference in elevation between lines, typically 5 meters for 1:25,000 scale maps.
Widely spaced lines indicate a gentle slope, while closely spaced lines indicate a steep slope.
Grid patterns, often using latitude and longitude lines, help locate places on the map.
Latitude lines run east-west, parallel to the equator.
Longitude lines run north-south, from pole to pole.
Coordinates, the intersection of latitude and longitude lines, identify exact locations.

Town and Country Planning Act

Aims for the orderly and progressive development of land and cities, preserving and improving amenities.
Became operational on February 1, 1958, and was last amended on January 1, 1999.

Local Improvements Act

Governs land subdivision island-wide, outlining requirements for subdivision, map submissions, approval, and appeals.
Requires permits and licenses, subject to National Environment and Planning Agency (NEPA) review.

Local Government

Local government responsibilities include:
- Developing, managing, and maintaining infrastructure like roads, water supplies, parks, and markets.
- Regulating building and planning approvals, licensing businesses, and street parking.
- Coordinating inter-agency collaboration among organizations involved in local services and development.
- Supporting national policies and development programs locally.
- Leading parish-specific plans and initiatives.

Municipal Corporations

Cornwall includes:
- St. James
- Westmoreland
- Hanover
- St. Elizabeth
- Trelawny
Middlesex includes:
- Kingston and St. Andrew
- St. Ann
- St. Catherine
- St. Mary
- Clarendon
Surrey includes:
- Portland
- St. Thomas
Portmore is a separate municipality.

Development Process

Stages of the development process:
- Pre-consultation
- Team selection
- Drafting
- Finalizing plans
- Decision-making
- Appeals
- Construction
- Monitoring and enforcement.

Pre-Consultation

Recommended to save time and money, ensure design alignment with available facilities, achieve acceptable design standards, and consider current and future land use.

Team Selection

Involves professional organizations such as:
- Jamaica Institute of Architects (JIA)
- Jamaica Institute of Planners (JIP)
- Jamaica Institution of Engineers (JIE)
- Land Surveyors Association of Jamaica
- Association of Land Economy and Valuation Surveyors (ALEVS).
Additionally, includes construction team specialists, project management, legal and financial advisors, and social and environmental advisors.

Drafting and Finalizing Plans

Involves:
- Enquiries or applications
- Team management
- Revisions based on feedback
- Submissions according to requirements
- Payment of fees
- Confirmation of receipt
- Presentation and response to queries.

Decision-making

Applications for planning permission are made to the local planning authority with necessary drawings.
The authority may grant permission with or without conditions, refuse the application, or subject it to National Resources Conservation Authority (NRCA) review for environmental considerations.
Development Orders provide guidance on permission categories and types.

Construction, Monitoring, and Enforcement

Construction implements approved development plans.
Approving bodies monitor permits and licenses.
A Stop Order is issued when development breaches approved conditions, lacks permission, or poses a public hazard.
An Enforcement Notice is issued when development occurs without permission, or contradicts approved conditions, after a Development Order is in place.

Appeals Process

Appeals to the Minister, under the Town and Country Planning Act (TCPA), cover:
- Development of land, including refusals, approvals with conditions, delays in response, or outline applications requiring additional information.
- Serving of Enforcement Notices, related to unauthorized use changes, illegal building construction, and condition non-compliance.
An Enforcement Notice can be appealed within 14 days.
The Minister may hear the appeal, appoint a panel, and provide a report within 21 days.
Further appeal to the Court of Appeal is available if dissatisfied with the Minister's decision.

#1point5toStayAlive – Small Island Developing States (SIDS)

Global commitments aim to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, limiting warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.
Policies impacting the real estate sector include carbon pricing, building efficiency standards, and renewable energy mandates.
COP27 focused on loss and damage due to climate change.

Our Caribbean Situation

70% of Caribbean people live in coastal settlements at or near sea level.
The region faces tropical storms and hurricanes for 50% of the year.
Climate events could impact 10% of Caribbean economies (US$22 Billion) by 2050.

Climate-Driven Property Risk

Flood insurance is affected by sea level rise and coastal and inland flooding.
Fire insurance increases due to the risk of bushfires.
Rising temperatures and air quality degradation lead to increased energy costs.
Investments in high-risk locations raise concerns.

Climate Smart Real Estate

Climate resilience is emphasized as an investment priority.
Examples include:
- Courtyard Marriott Kingston's LEED Silver certification for new construction in 2017.
- Net-Zero Energy Building at the University of the West Indies (UWI) and a home in Antigua.
- Conservation and management of potable water.
- Building Life Cycle Waste Reduction (Circular Economies).

Traditional Sustainability

Heat-reducing verandas, sunlight filters, rainwater collection, elevated structures cross ventilation, airflow louvers, and wind-resistant roofs promote traditional sustainability.
"Do the best you can until you know better. Then when you know better, do better." - Maya Angelou.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential features of maps, including scales, symbols, legends, and contour lines. Understand how latitude and longitude help in locating places and interpreting map details effectively. Test your knowledge of the elements that make maps valuable tools in geography.