Geography Landforms and Forces Quiz

Endogenic forces are natural forces originating from within the Earth, causing phenomena like folding and earthquakes.

Exogenic forces originate on the Earth's surface and modify landforms through processes such as weathering and erosion.

A mountain is a landmass that rises at least 1,000 feet above the surrounding landscape.

<p>Fold mountains are primarily caused by the collision of tectonic plates, which creases or buckles the Earth's crust.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Young fold mountains are 10 to 25 million years old and still growing, while old fold mountains are over 200 million years old.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Examples of young fold mountains include the Himalayas and the Rockies; they are often identified by glacier-capped peaks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glaciers contribute to the erosion and shaping of young fold mountains, leaving behind high peaks and valleys.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Folding causes the crust to buckle, creating steep slopes and sharp ridges characteristic of fold mountains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A graben is a fallen portion of land bordered by faults on two or more sides, and it may continue to drop, potentially becoming the floor of a larger rift valley.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rift valleys can range from a few hundred feet to several kilometers in width and are formed due to faulting and vertical movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Narmada River flows through the Narmada Valley, which is named after the river.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Great Rift Valley extends from Lake Malawi in the south up to the Dead Sea in the north.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plateaus typically range from 1,969 to 4,922 feet (600 to 1,500 m) above sea level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plateaus are formed through the extrusion of lava, volcanic activity, and the action of weathering and erosion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An intermontane plateau is bordered by fold mountains and features nearly horizontal rock layers; an example is the Plateau of Tibet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Piedmont plateaus are located at the foot of mountains, while intermontane plateaus are situated between mountain ranges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dissected plateaus are ones that have been intensely eroded, resulting in sharp relief and mountainous features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coal is commonly found in plateaus, especially like the Chota Nagpur Plateau, making it a vital resource for energy generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plateaus often have a cooler climate, especially in tropical and subtropical regions due to their elevation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rivers flowing from the edges of plateaus form waterfalls, which provide ideal locations for generating hydel power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plateaus possess large grasslands suitable for animal rearing and, in some cases, very fertile lava plateaus promote agriculture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coastal plains are flat and low-lying areas that rise from sea level to higher landforms like plateaus or mountains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Old fold mountains are characterized by relic plateaus, sculptured domes, and irregular peak levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Young fold mountains have rugged relief and high conical peaks, while old fold mountains have rounded features and low elevations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Block mountains are formed when one side of a fault in the Earth's crust slides upward while the other side slides downwards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Volcanic mountains form from the accumulation of lava and ash ejected during eruptions, resulting in a cone shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mountains serve as storehouses of natural resources like minerals, timber, and medicinal herbs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mountains act as climatic divides, affecting wind patterns and precipitation levels in adjoining regions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>River valleys are formed by the erosive action of flowing water, typically resulting in a V-shaped structure with steep walls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glacial valleys have a wider shape with flat bottoms, resembling a U, due to the movement of glaciers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rift valleys are depressions formed by tectonic plate movement, characterized by steep sides and a flat floor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Grabens refer to small rift valleys or depressions created when the land between faults sinks down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Vindhya and Satpura ranges in India are notable examples of block mountains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rivers originating in mountains carry silt to lower valleys, which helps create fertile alluvial plains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mountains attract tourists due to their pleasant climate and scenic views, boosting local economies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Perennial rivers provide essential water resources for irrigation and other uses in nearby lands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mountains can serve as barriers between countries, providing protection against invasions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structural plains are characterized by depressions formed from horizontally bedded rocks, such as The Great Plains of the USA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alluvial plains are formed over time by sediment deposition from rivers, while flood plains are adjacent to water bodies and experience periodic flooding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Erosional plains are formed when elevated land is worn down by erosion, such as those found in Northern Canada and western Africa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Indo-Gangetic Plains are fertile due to the deposition of silt and alluvium from the Indus and Ganga-Brahmaputra river systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Landforms affect population density and the establishment of industries, with plains being more conducive to settlements and large-scale industries compared to mountains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common occupations in mountainous regions include agriculture, cattle rearing, handicraft production, and tourism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transportation in mountainous areas is limited due to rugged terrain, while plains have well-developed road networks and navigable rivers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In plains, clothing varies with seasons, while mountainous regions require thick woollen clothing to insulate against cold temperatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glacial activities contribute to forming glacial plains by moving ice over land, which can reshape the landscape over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plains often have fertile soils, like alluvial soils, which enhance agricultural productivity compared to less fertile mountain soils.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Major industries in plain regions include agriculture, trade, and large-scale manufacturing due to favorable land conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As rivers flow into plains, they slow down, resulting in the deposition of silt and alluvium, enhancing soil fertility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Farmers in mountainous regions often use terrace farming due to steep and rocky soil conditions that limit conventional farming.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Houses in mountains often have slanting roofs to prevent snow accumulation, while plain houses are sturdily built to withstand seasonal changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers