Geography Chapters 1 and 2 Quiz

Study Notes

Geography: The study of Earth's physical features, climate, human populations, and how they interact.
Absolute Location: The exact position on Earth, typically given by latitude and longitude coordinates.
Relative Location: Describes a place's position in relation to other places using directions.
Hemispheres: Earth is divided into Northern and Southern Hemispheres by the Equator, and Eastern and Western Hemispheres by the Prime Meridian.
Latitude: Imaginary horizontal lines around Earth, parallel to the Equator.
Longitude: Imaginary vertical lines running from the North Pole to the South Pole.
Equator: An imaginary line around Earth's middle, equidistant from the North and South Poles.
Prime Meridian: An imaginary line running from the North Pole to the South Pole, used as a reference point for longitude.

Hydrosphere: Part of Earth containing all water in forms like oceans, rivers, lakes, glaciers, groundwater. Covers about 71% of Earth's surface and includes water vapor.
Lithosphere: Earth's crust and the upper mantle, divided into tectonic plates floating on the semi-fluid asthenosphere.
Atmosphere: Layer of gases surrounding Earth, including all living organisms and their interactions with other spheres.
Biosphere: Zone of life on Earth, consisting of all living organisms and their interactions with the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.
Continental Drift: Theory that Earth's continents were once a single landmass (Pangaea) and have drifted apart over millions of years due to tectonic plate movement.
Earthquake: Sudden shaking of Earth's surface caused by the release of energy from tectonic plate movement or volcanic activity.
Richter Scale: Measures the magnitude of an earthquake based on the amplitude of seismic waves from seismographs.
Tsunami: Series of large ocean waves caused by the sudden displacement of water, often triggered by undersea earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides.