Questions and Answers
What is Cartography?
What does the geographic grid refer to?
A set of imaginary lines that intersect at right angles to form a system of reference for locating points on the surface of the earth.
Define Latitude.
The angular distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees ranging from 0 degrees to 90 degrees.
What is the Prime Meridian?
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What does Longitude measure?
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The _____ is where each new day begins.
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What defines Globe Properties?
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What is a Map Projection?
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What is an Equal Areas, Equivalent Projection?
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Describe Conformal Projections.
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What are Equidistant Projections?
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What do Azimuthal Projections show?
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What are Topographic Maps?
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Define Contour Interval.
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What are Choropleth Maps?
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What is an Area Cartogram?
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What is an Isoline?
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What are Flow Line Maps used for?
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Define Remote Sensing.
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What are Landsat Satellites?
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What is the Global Positioning System (GPS)?
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Define Geographic Information System (GIS).
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What is a Geographic Database?
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What is Scale in map-making?
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Study Notes
Cartography and Geographic Concepts
- Cartography: The art, science, and technology involved in making maps.
- Geographic Grid: A system formed by imaginary intersecting lines, aiding in locating points on Earth's surface.
Latitude and Longitude
- Latitude: Measured in degrees from the equator (0°) to the poles (90° north or south).
- Longitude: Measures angular distance east or west from the Prime Meridian, ranging from 0° to 180°.
- Prime Meridian: The 0° longitude line, located at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England.
- International Date Line: Generally follows the 180° meridian; marks where each new day begins.
Globe Properties
- Meridians are equal in length and meet at the poles; they are true north-south lines.
- Parallels of latitude are parallel to the equator and shorten as they approach the poles.
- Meridians and parallels intersect at right angles, maintaining consistent scale in all directions.
Map Projections and Types
- Map Projection: Techniques to represent the Earth’s curved surface on flat maps.
- Equal Areas Projection: Maintains area proportions; shapes may be distorted.
- Conformal Projections: Preserve shape for small areas, keeping angular relationships accurate.
- Equidistant Projections: Show true distances from one or two central points but distort distances elsewhere.
- Azimuthal Projections: Display true directions from a central point to other locations.
Types of Thematic Maps
- Topographic Maps: Illustrate terrain shape and elevation, utilizing contour lines.
- Contour Interval: Vertical spacing between contour lines, indicated on the map.
- Choropleth Maps: Represent variation in a phenomenon across areas.
- Area Cartogram: Area sizes adjusted to reflect specific variables (e.g., population, income).
- Isoline: Lines connecting points of equal elevation on maps.
Movement and Remote Sensing
- Flow Line Maps: Show linear movement between locations, can be qualitative or quantitative.
- Remote Sensing: Method to gather information about an object or area without direct ground contact.
- Landsat Satellites: Known remote sensing spacecraft that monitor various Earth features like deforestation and water quality.
Geographic Systems
- Global Positioning System (GPS): Determines exact locations using signals from satellites.
- Geographic Information System (GIS): A computer-based system for managing and analyzing geographically referenced data.
- Geographic Database: A digital collection of geographic information from various sources.
Scale and Contours
- Scale: The ratio relating measurements on a map to actual measurements on Earth.
- Contour Line: Primary symbol on topographic maps representing elevation changes.
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Description
Test your knowledge of essential cartography terms with these flashcards. Chapter 2 covers key concepts such as geographic grids, latitude, and more. Perfect for reviewing before your geography exam!