Geography Chapter 1 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is geography?

The study of Earth's natural features.

What is climate?

The pattern of weather conditions in a certain location over a long period of time.

What is a landform?

A naturally formed feature on Earth's land surface, such as an island, a mountain, or a plateau.

What is weather?

<p>The condition of the atmosphere at a particular place and time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is vegetation?

<p>Plant life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is cartography?

<p>The skills and methods used in the making of maps.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is projection?

<p>A way of representing Earth's curved surface on a flat map while keeping distortion consistent and manageable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does latitude measure?

<p>The measure of distance north or south of the equator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does longitude measure?

<p>The measure of the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are physical maps?

<p>Maps that show the landforms and bodies of water found in particular areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are political maps?

<p>Maps that show features on Earth's surface that humans created.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is archaeology?

<p>The recovery and study of physical evidence from the past.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an artifact?

<p>A human-made object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is excavation?

<p>The process of digging up historically significant objects for the purpose of studying them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is anthropology?

<p>The study of humans and their culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is culture?

<p>The way of life shared by a group of people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you study culture?

<p>By studying artifacts as well as the religious beliefs and values of cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is a historian?

<p>A person who studies and interprets the past.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary source?

<p>A document or artifact created during a particular historical period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a secondary source?

<p>Work produced about a historical event by someone who was not actually there.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is oral history?

<p>An unwritten verbal account of events, such as a story passed down from generation to generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do primary, secondary, and oral history help historians learn more about the past?

<p>They use these to find answers and questions they have been wondering about.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Prime Meridian?

<p>An imaginary line that splits the Earth into the Western and Eastern Hemispheres.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an anthropologist?

<p>Someone who studies humans and human cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an archaeologist?

<p>A person who studies physical evidence from the past.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the stages of civilization?

<p>Farming and herding, crafts and technology, trade, towns, writing systems, and government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of landforms?

<p>Mountains, islands, plateaus, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is absolute location?

<p>The exact intersection of latitude and longitude lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of information do thematic maps show?

<p>Physical and political information, using different colors to explain different things.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the five themes of geography?

<p>Location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are maps important to historians?

<p>Historians might put trade routes or any other routes on top of a modern map to see the differences or changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What new evidence prompted archaeologists to rethink their ideas about the Mayan civilization?

<p>Cancuen is a Mayan city with no temples.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does new evidence sometimes force historians to do?

<p>Historians will have to rethink their hypothesis based on new information or evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Geography

The study of Earth's natural features and how they affect human life.

Landforms

Naturally occurring features like mountains, islands, and plateaus.

Climate

Long-term weather patterns in specific locations.

Cartography

The skills and methods used to create maps.

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Projections

Representations of Earth's curved surface on flat maps. They minimize distortion.

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Physical maps

Maps that show landforms and bodies of water.

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Political maps

Maps that show human-made features like borders, cities, and roads.

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Archaeology

The study of past civilizations through the analysis of physical objects.

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Artifacts

Human-made objects used to understand past cultures.

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Excavation

The process of carefully digging for historical objects.

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Anthropology

The study of human societies, cultures, and their development over time.

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Primary sources

Documents or artifacts from the time period being studied.

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Secondary sources

Information about the past created after the events occurred.

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Oral history

Verbal accounts of historical events passed down through generations.

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Latitude

Measures distance north or south of the equator.

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Longitude

Measures distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.

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Absolute location

A precise location determined by latitude and longitude coordinates.

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Thematic maps

Maps that use different colors to illustrate geographic information.

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Five themes of geography

A framework for understanding geography, encompassing location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and region.

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Stages of civilization development

The stages of civilization development, including farming, crafts, trade, towns, writing, and government.

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Maps for historical context

Maps used to understand historical events by overlaying them onto modern geography.

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New archaeological evidence

New evidence discovered through archaeology that can challenge existing theories.

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Adapting historical hypotheses

The process of changing or adapting theories based on new evidence.

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Mayan civilization

A civilization in Mesoamerica that had a significant impact on the region.

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Historical research methods

Describes how historians use primary and secondary sources to understand the past.

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Anthropology

The study of human societies, cultures, and their development.

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Archaeology

The systematic study of past human societies through the analysis of material remains.

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Cartography

The practice of creating maps.

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Human geography

The branch of geography that focuses on the distribution of human populations and their activities.

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Study Notes

Geography and Earth Features

  • Geography studies Earth's natural features and influences human life.
  • Landforms are naturally occurring features like mountains, islands, and plateaus.
  • Climate defines long-term weather patterns in specific locations.

Maps and Cartography

  • Cartography involves skills and methods for map creation.
  • Projections represent Earth’s curved surface on flat maps, managing distortion.
  • Physical maps illustrate landforms and bodies of water in specific areas.
  • Political maps highlight human-created features on Earth's surface.

Archaeology and Anthropology

  • Archaeology focuses on recovering and studying physical evidence from the past.
  • Artifacts are human-made objects significant for historical understanding.
  • Excavation involves digging for historically meaningful objects.
  • Anthropology studies human societies, cultures, and their development.

Historical Research Methods

  • Historians interpret the past, utilizing primary sources (documents or artifacts from their time) and secondary sources (created later).
  • Oral history consists of verbal accounts passed through generations, providing cultural insights.
  • Primary, secondary, and oral histories help historians frame questions and derive answers about historical contexts.

Geographic Coordinates

  • Latitude measures distance north or south of the equator.
  • Longitude measures distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.
  • Absolute location identifies a precise point using latitude and longitude intersections.

Thematic and Civilization Studies

  • Thematic maps convey physical and political information using colors for differentiation.
  • The five themes of geography include location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and region.
  • Stages of civilization development encompass farming, crafts, trade, towns, writing systems, and government formation.

Importance of Maps and New Evidence

  • Maps assist historians by overlaying historical routes onto modern geography to illustrate changes and contexts.
  • New archaeological evidence, like the findings in Cancuen, can challenge existing theories about civilizations, such as the Mayans.
  • Historians adapt their hypotheses based on new evidence, re-evaluating prior understandings accordingly.

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Test your knowledge with these flashcards on key concepts from Chapter 1 of Geography. Learn about essential terms such as climate, landforms, and weather patterns that shape our planet. Perfect for review and study before exams.

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