Geography Chapter 1 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is geography?

The study of Earth's natural features.

What is climate?

The pattern of weather conditions in a certain location over a long period of time.

What is a landform?

A naturally formed feature on Earth's land surface, such as an island, a mountain, or a plateau.

What is weather?

<p>The condition of the atmosphere at a particular place and time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is vegetation?

<p>Plant life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is cartography?

<p>The skills and methods used in the making of maps.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is projection?

<p>A way of representing Earth's curved surface on a flat map while keeping distortion consistent and manageable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does latitude measure?

<p>The measure of distance north or south of the equator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does longitude measure?

<p>The measure of the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are physical maps?

<p>Maps that show the landforms and bodies of water found in particular areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are political maps?

<p>Maps that show features on Earth's surface that humans created.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is archaeology?

<p>The recovery and study of physical evidence from the past.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an artifact?

<p>A human-made object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is excavation?

<p>The process of digging up historically significant objects for the purpose of studying them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is anthropology?

<p>The study of humans and their culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is culture?

<p>The way of life shared by a group of people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you study culture?

<p>By studying artifacts as well as the religious beliefs and values of cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is a historian?

<p>A person who studies and interprets the past.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary source?

<p>A document or artifact created during a particular historical period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a secondary source?

<p>Work produced about a historical event by someone who was not actually there.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is oral history?

<p>An unwritten verbal account of events, such as a story passed down from generation to generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do primary, secondary, and oral history help historians learn more about the past?

<p>They use these to find answers and questions they have been wondering about.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Prime Meridian?

<p>An imaginary line that splits the Earth into the Western and Eastern Hemispheres.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an anthropologist?

<p>Someone who studies humans and human cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an archaeologist?

<p>A person who studies physical evidence from the past.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the stages of civilization?

<p>Farming and herding, crafts and technology, trade, towns, writing systems, and government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of landforms?

<p>Mountains, islands, plateaus, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is absolute location?

<p>The exact intersection of latitude and longitude lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of information do thematic maps show?

<p>Physical and political information, using different colors to explain different things.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the five themes of geography?

<p>Location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are maps important to historians?

<p>Historians might put trade routes or any other routes on top of a modern map to see the differences or changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What new evidence prompted archaeologists to rethink their ideas about the Mayan civilization?

<p>Cancuen is a Mayan city with no temples.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does new evidence sometimes force historians to do?

<p>Historians will have to rethink their hypothesis based on new information or evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Geography and Earth Features

  • Geography studies Earth's natural features and influences human life.
  • Landforms are naturally occurring features like mountains, islands, and plateaus.
  • Climate defines long-term weather patterns in specific locations.

Maps and Cartography

  • Cartography involves skills and methods for map creation.
  • Projections represent Earth’s curved surface on flat maps, managing distortion.
  • Physical maps illustrate landforms and bodies of water in specific areas.
  • Political maps highlight human-created features on Earth's surface.

Archaeology and Anthropology

  • Archaeology focuses on recovering and studying physical evidence from the past.
  • Artifacts are human-made objects significant for historical understanding.
  • Excavation involves digging for historically meaningful objects.
  • Anthropology studies human societies, cultures, and their development.

Historical Research Methods

  • Historians interpret the past, utilizing primary sources (documents or artifacts from their time) and secondary sources (created later).
  • Oral history consists of verbal accounts passed through generations, providing cultural insights.
  • Primary, secondary, and oral histories help historians frame questions and derive answers about historical contexts.

Geographic Coordinates

  • Latitude measures distance north or south of the equator.
  • Longitude measures distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.
  • Absolute location identifies a precise point using latitude and longitude intersections.

Thematic and Civilization Studies

  • Thematic maps convey physical and political information using colors for differentiation.
  • The five themes of geography include location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and region.
  • Stages of civilization development encompass farming, crafts, trade, towns, writing systems, and government formation.

Importance of Maps and New Evidence

  • Maps assist historians by overlaying historical routes onto modern geography to illustrate changes and contexts.
  • New archaeological evidence, like the findings in Cancuen, can challenge existing theories about civilizations, such as the Mayans.
  • Historians adapt their hypotheses based on new evidence, re-evaluating prior understandings accordingly.

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Test your knowledge with these flashcards on key concepts from Chapter 1 of Geography. Learn about essential terms such as climate, landforms, and weather patterns that shape our planet. Perfect for review and study before exams.

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