GEO 286 Midterm Review: Reservoirs and Fluxes in the Climate System
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Questions and Answers

What was the cause of the mid-century 'pause' in warming?

  • Ice melting in Antarctica
  • Thermal expansion of water
  • Aerosol pollution (correct)
  • Increase in atmospheric CO2 levels
  • Which observation does NOT contribute to sea level rise?

  • Decrease in mass of global reference glaciers
  • Increase in atmospheric CO2 (correct)
  • Decrease in mass of Greenland ice sheet
  • Decrease in Arctic sea ice
  • Where do the numbers 280 ppm and 420 ppm reference in the text?

  • Arctic sea ice decrease
  • Temperature observations
  • Atmospheric CO2 levels (correct)
  • Sea level rise measurements
  • What is the main contributor to observed sea level rise?

    <p>Thermal expansion of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proxy is used for determining paleoclimate up to around 800,000 years ago?

    <p>Ice Cores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change is associated with Milankovitch cycles according to the text?

    <p>Orbital changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process uses sugars and O2 to produce CO2, water, and energy?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cellular respiration, what is used to produce CO2, water, and energy?

    <p>Sugars and O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a byproduct of cellular respiration?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of photosynthesis in the biosphere?

    <p>Generate sugars and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process uses CO2 and water to create sugars and O2?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of energy produced in cellular respiration?

    <p>Sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that causes water to be slightly heavier if it contains 2H instead of 1H?

    <p>Fractionation due to lighter isotopes being easier to evaporate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of hydrogen isotopes, when is 𝛿D (𝛿 2 𝐻) in ice high?

    <p>When temperature is high</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a low 𝛿13 𝐶 value imply in terms of carbon isotopes contribution?

    <p>Contribution from organic matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which period experienced a regional cooling known as the 'Little Ice Age'?

    <p>Holocene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows us to quantify the fractionation of heavy water in the atmosphere relative to oceans?

    <p>Presence of deuterium (2H) in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is 𝛿18 𝑂 in ocean sediments/fossils low according to the text?

    <p>When temperature is high</p> Signup and view all the answers

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