Genotypic Classification in Microbiology

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What do phenotypic characteristics relate to?

Organism's genetic makeup

Strain differentiation

Features beyond the genetic level (correct)

Cloning of organisms

Which method is used to identify an organism's genetic makeup?

Genotypic characteristics (correct)

Phenotypic characteristics

Wet mount method

Hanging-drop method

What do genotypic characteristics include?

Microscopic examination

Readily observable features

Features beyond the genetic level

Organism's genetic makeup (correct)

Why do bacteria, microscopic algae, fungi, and protozoans not lend themselves readily to microscopic examination?

They lack color and contrast Signup and view all the answers

Which method is suitable for observing living microorganisms in a living, unstained state?

Wet mount method Signup and view all the answers

What does Brownian movement refer to in the context of microscopy?

Movement from left to right Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of sporulation in bacteria?

To protect bacteria from harsh environmental conditions Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria has a thicker cell wall and lacks an outer membrane?

Gram-positive Signup and view all the answers

How do Gram-negative bacteria react to the staining process?

Decolorize after alcohol treatment Signup and view all the answers

Which component is present in the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria but absent in Gram-negative bacteria?

Teichoic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria?

Contains lipopolysaccharide Signup and view all the answers

Why are Gram-negative bacteria more susceptible to antibiotics targeting the cell wall?

Thinner peptidoglycan layer Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a biovar from a serovar?

Biovar is differentiated by biochemical means, while serovar is differentiated by serological means. Signup and view all the answers

How does a clone differ from a strain?

A clone contains organisms with identical genotypes, while strains are morphologically distinct. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic used to differentiate morphovars?

Morphological distinctions Signup and view all the answers

Which classification method involves DNA fingerprinting and genome analyses?

Genotypic classification Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a strain from an isolate?

Isolates are not pure cultures, while strains come from pure cultures. Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic differentiates subspecies within a species?

Genotype Signup and view all the answers