24 Questions
What is the primary function of a nuclease in a genome editing system?
To cut the DNA at a specific location
What is the significance of CRISPR being revolutionary?
The ease of design of guide RNA makes it accessible
What is the primary goal of genome editing?
To modify and engineer genomes for different purposes
What is the name of the genome editing system that was selected as the 2015 Breakthrough of the Year by Science magazine?
CRISPR-Cas
What is the term for the process of inserting, replacing, or removing DNA from a genome?
Genome editing
What is the significance of genome editing in disease treatment?
It has the potential to revolutionize disease treatment
What is the purpose of the guide molecule in genome editing?
To bind to specific DNA sequences and direct the nuclease
What is the characteristic of Meganucleases in genome editing?
They cut DNA at or near specific recognition sequences of 12-40 bp
What is the outcome of the Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) repair mechanism?
Targeted edits or mutations in the genome
What is the function of Endonucleases in genome editing?
To cleave phosphodiester bonds within a polynucleotide chain
What is the purpose of Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs) in genome editing?
To recognize and cleave specific DNA sequences
What is the characteristic of Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs) in genome editing?
They are artificial restriction enzymes generated by fusing a TAL effector DNA binding domain
What type of mutations can be produced by imprecise NHEJ-mediated repair at the site of a DSB?
insertion and/or deletion mutations of variable length
What is the function of gRNA-directed dCas9 when fused to activation domains?
to mediate upregulation of specific endogenous genes
What is the result of HDR-mediated repair using a single-stranded or double-stranded DNA donor template?
introduction of precise point mutations or insertions
What is the function of pairs of gRNA-directed Cas9 nucleases?
to stimulate large deletions or genomic rearrangements
What is the result of gRNA-directed Cas9 nuclease activity?
induction of indel mutations or specific sequence replacement or insertion
What is the purpose of fusing gRNA-directed dCas9 to fluorescent proteins?
to enable imaging of specific genomic loci
What is the primary mechanism by which the CRISPR-Cas system confers resistance to foreign invaders?
By degrading exogenous gene material from foreign invaders
Which of the following engineered nucleases can be modified to target a specific sequence by changing the sequence of the guide RNA?
CRISPR-Cas 9
What is the function of the leader sequence in a CRISPR locus?
To act as a promoter for the expression of cas genes
What is the primary difference between the CRISPR-Cas system and other engineered nucleases?
The CRISPR-Cas system is easier to modify to target specific sequences
What is the purpose of the repeat-spacer array in a CRISPR locus?
To store the memory of past infections
What is the relationship between the number of CRISPR spacers and the number of cas genes in a genome?
There can be multiple CRISPR spacers associated with one cas gene
This quiz covers the fundamental principles of genome editing, including the process of cutting and pasting DNA, the features of a genome editing system, and how CRISPR works. It also touches on the significance of CRISPR and compares different genome editing systems.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
