10 Questions
What is the main problem when a civilian gives lateral help or services that are complementary or necessary to military actions?
Interpretation of direct participation
Which article of the Geneva Convention does not define direct participation?
Article 51
What is the key difference between active and direct participation?
Active participation is wider than direct participation
What is the outcome if a civilian is found to have actively participated in hostilities?
The civilian loses their protection under international law
Which document defines active participation as a criterion for losing civilian protection?
All of the above
What is the significance of the Lubanga Case in the context of direct participation?
It opposed the use of 'direct participation' in favor of 'active participation'
What is the consequence of adopting an 'indirect contribution' to the military effort?
The contribution is not relevant, and the civilian does not lose immunity
What is the relationship between indirect participation and active participation?
Indirect participation is a type of active participation
Which document inspirations led to the development of the rule on direct participation?
All of the above
What is the main challenge in interpreting the concept of direct participation?
Distinguishing between direct and active participation
Test your knowledge on Article 51 of the First Additional Protocol of the Geneva Convention, which deals with the principles of distinction and proportionality in war. Learn about the rules governing attacks and the consideration of military advantage.
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