Genetics Vocabulary Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does heterosis refer to?

  • Greater fertility than both parents in crosses between species (correct)
  • No fertility in crosses between species
  • Smaller fertility than both parents in crosses between species
  • Similar fertility as both parents in crosses between species

What is heritability a measure of?

  • Differences in traits due to the environment
  • Differences in traits due to random chance
  • Differences in traits due to diet
  • Differences in traits due to genes (correct)

What is the selection differential (S) in quantitative genetics?

  • The difference between the trait mean and the population mean
  • The difference between the trait mean and the response to selection
  • The difference between the genotype and phenotype
  • The difference between the trait mean after selection and before selection (correct)

What does the response to selection (R) depend on?

<p>Selection differential (S) and heritability (h2) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is phenotypic selection (S) related to in quantitative genetics?

<p>Trait values and fitness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does heritability (h2) represent in quantitative genetics?

<p>The proportion of differences in traits due to genes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate source of variation in a population?

<p>Mutation-selection balance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean called?

<p>Coefficient of variation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the heritability measure?

<p>Genetic variation due to genetic effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does frequency dependency selection refer to?

<p>Declining reproductive success with increasing frequency of a morph (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the occurrence of two or more clearly different morphs or forms in a population called?

<p>Polymorphism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most closely correlated to fitness and has strong heritability?

<p>Life history traits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate source of variation that maintains both alleles in a population?

<p>Mutation-selection balance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What refers to the balance between mutation and selection as a source of variation?

<p>Mutation-selection balance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean used for comparing variability of traits?

<p>Coefficient of variation (CV) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does pleiotropy refer to?

<p>Single gene affects multiple characters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for the response to selection of a single trait?

<p>R = h²S (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the equation R = Gb represent?

<p>The selection response to a given gradient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might laying date remain fairly constant despite strong selection and climate change?

<p>High heritability and selection but no change in the path taken (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for the response to selection of multiple traits?

<p>This equation was not provided in the text (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if there is no association in two traits?

<p>Covariances become zero (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between weight and height if there is a positive covariance?

<p>Weight increases when height increases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that influences the relative fitness of an organism according to the given text?

<p>Selection differential (S) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors influence the similarity of parents and offspring according to the given text?

<p>Dispersal distance of chicks from parents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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