Genetics Quiz on Mutations
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Questions and Answers

A mutation that occurs when a base is inserted into or deleted from a DNA sequence completely altering an entire amino acid sequence is called:

  • Missense mutation
  • Nonsense mutation
  • Frameshift Mutation (correct)
  • Silent mutation

    • DNA glycosylases are involved specifically with which of the following repair mechanisms?

  • Base excision repair (correct)
  • UV repair mechanism
  • Post-replicative repair
  • Mismatch repair

    • When a mutation in a gene that alters a codon, but the resulting new codon translates for the same amino acid, it can be referred to as a...

  • Nonsense mutation
  • Silent mutation (correct)
  • Insertion
  • Deletion

    • Flashcards

    Frameshift Mutation

    A type of mutation where an insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides in a DNA sequence shifts the reading frame, altering the entire sequence of amino acids downstream.

    Base Excision Repair

    A DNA repair mechanism that removes damaged or incorrect bases from DNA, primarily by using DNA glycosylases.

    Silent Mutation

    Mutations that change a codon but still code for the same amino acid. This leads to no change in the protein produced.

    Missense Mutation

    A mutation where a codon is altered, resulting in a different amino acid being incorporated into the protein.

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    Nonsense Mutation

    A mutation where a codon is changed to a stop codon, prematurely terminating protein synthesis.

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    Mismatch Repair

    A type of DNA repair that fixes errors that occur during DNA replication.

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    DNA Glycosylase

    DNA glycosylases are enzymes involved in removing damaged or incorrect bases from DNA. They are the first step in base excision repair.

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    Nonsense Mutation

    A mutation where a codon is changed to one that codes for a stop codon, resulting in premature termination of protein synthesis.

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    Post Replicative Repair

    A group of repair mechanisms that operate after DNA replication has been completed, fixing any remaining errors. These mechanisms are often less efficient than other repair mechanisms.

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    Silent Mutation

    Mutations in a gene that do not change the amino acid sequence even though the codon may be different.

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    Study Notes

    Mutations

    • A mutation that completely alters an amino acid sequence by inserting or deleting a base is called a frameshift mutation
    • DNA glycosylases are involved in base excision repair
    • When a codon is changed but still results in the same amino acid, it's called a silent mutation.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on different types of mutations in genetics. This quiz covers frameshift mutations, base excision repair processes, and silent mutations among others. Evaluate your understanding of how these mutations impact amino acid sequences.

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