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Genetics Practice Exam

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Questions and Answers

What is the probable genetic makeup of a brown-eyed father and a blue-eyed mother with all brown-eyed children?

BB, bb, Bb (correct)

Bb, bb, BB

BB, bb, BB

Bb, bb, bb

If a person has the genotype Bb, they have blue eyes.

False (B)

What base pairs with guanine (G) according to the base pairing rule?

C (cytosine)

The DNA structure resembles a ______.

double helix Signup and view all the answers

How many chromosomes are in human sex cells?

23 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Transcription is the process of copying the DNA message.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for alleles that are the same, such as BB?

Homozygous Dominant Signup and view all the answers

Match the following genetic terms with their definitions:

Homozygous Dominant = Same alleles that are both dominant Homozygous Recessive = Same alleles that are both recessive Heterozygous = Different alleles Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of translation in a biological context?

Reading the genetic codes to make amino acids (A) Signup and view all the answers

If dimples (D) are dominant to non-dimpled cheeks (d), what proportion of offspring with dimples can be expected if two non-dimpled individuals mate?

0% (A) Signup and view all the answers

Each human skin cell contains how many chromosomes?

46 chromosomes (D) Signup and view all the answers

If a heterozygous straight fingered chimpanzee (Ss) mates with a homozygous bent fingered chimpanzee (ss), what percentage of straight fingered offspring can be expected?

50% (D) Signup and view all the answers

The phenotype of an allele is its genetic characteristics.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What would be the complementary DNA bases for the sequence G A T C?

C T A G Signup and view all the answers

In meiosis, the type of cells produced are called _ and they have _ chromosomes.

gametes; 23 Signup and view all the answers

Match the coat colors of guinea pigs with their corresponding alleles:

Black coat color = B Brown coat color = b Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Genetics Practice Exam

Question 1: Dominant Brown Eyes
- Brown eyes are dominant to blue eyes
- A brown-eyed man (BB) marries a blue-eyed woman (bb)
- All 8 children have brown eyes (Bb)
Question 2: Genotype to Eye Color
- If the genotype is Bb, the eye color is brown
Question 3: Genotype to Eye Color
- If the genotype is bb, the eye color is blue
Question 4: Nucleotide Structure
- Nucleotides have bases, phosphate, and sugar
Question 5: Base Pairing Rule (Guanine)
- Guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C)
Question 6: Base Pairing Rule (Adenine)
- Adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T)
Question 7: Alleles - Homozygous Dominant
- If two alleles are the same (e.g., BB), it's homozygous dominant
Question 8: Alleles - Homozygous Recessive
- If two alleles are the same (e.g., bb), it's homozygous recessive
Question 9: Base Pairing Rule
- Guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C)
- Adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T)
Question 11: DNA Structure
- DNA has a double helix structure
Question 12: Chromosome Number in Gametes
- Gametes (sex cells) have 23 chromosomes
Question 13: Sex Chromosomes for Females
- Females have XX sex chromosomes
Question 16: Transcription
- Transcription is the process of copying DNA's message
Question 17: Translation
- Translation is reading the genetic code to make amino acids
Question 18: Dimpled Cheeks
- If both parents have non-dimpled cheeks (dd), 0% of offspring will have dimples.
- If both parents have dimples (DD), 100% will have dimples.
Question 20: Chromosomes in Human Skin Cells
- Human skin cells have 46 chromosomes
Question 22: Chimpanzee Fingers
- Heterozygous straight fingers (Ss) and a homozygous bent fingers (ss) could produce 50% straight offspring
Question 23: Phenotype
- Phenotype refers to the observable traits

Additional Notes (Guinea Pigs)

Black Coat vs. Brown Coat
- Black coat color is dominant to brown coat color
Allele Symbols
Crosses and Offspring Prediction -Punnett squares are used to predict offspring genotypes and phenotypes
- Specific ratios for the three types of crosses (i, ii, and iii) are given following the Punnett squares

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Description

Test your knowledge of basic genetics concepts through a series of questions including eye color inheritance, nucleotide structure, and base pairing rules. This practice exam covers essential topics that form the foundation of genetic understanding.