Genetics: Inheritance and Variation in Living Organisms

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to refer to the analysis of traits in several generations of a family?

  • Phenotype analysis
  • Pedigree analysis (correct)
  • Crossing over analysis
  • Genetic mutation analysis

In human genetics, what is the purpose of pedigree study?

  • Trace the inheritance of a specific trait, abnormality, or disease (correct)
  • Analyze protein expression levels
  • Identify mutations in DNA
  • Study the phenotypes of individuals

Which of the following is true about DNA according to the text?

  • DNA undergoes significant changes with each generation
  • DNA carries genetic information without alteration from one generation to another (correct)
  • DNA is not involved in the inheritance of traits
  • DNA only exists in pea plants

What term is used to describe an alteration or change in genetic material?

<p>Mutation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which analysis provides an alternative when control crosses are not possible in certain organisms?

<p>Pedigree analysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does each feature in any organism correspond to according to the text?

<p>A gene on DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of heredity?

<p>Inheritance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the degree by which progeny differ from their parents called?

<p>Variation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of biology deals with the inheritance and variation of characters from parents to offspring?

<p>Genetics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which century was significant progress made in the understanding of inheritance?

<p>19th century (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process involves selectively breeding and selecting organisms with desirable characters?

<p>Artificial selection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main causes of variation according to early human understanding?

<p>Sexual reproduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was Mendel's work on inheritance of characters unrecognised until 1900?

<p>Communication was not easy in those days and his work could not be widely publicised. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of Mendel's concept was not accepted by his contemporaries?

<p>The concept of alleles blending with each other. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major advancement enabled the rediscovery of Mendel's results in 1900?

<p>Advancements in microscopy that allowed careful observation of cell division. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Mendel's use of mathematics to explain biological phenomena face resistance?

<p>Using mathematics in biology was a new and unacceptable approach at that time. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term did Mendel use to refer to genes in his work?

<p>'Factors' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were scientists able to rediscover Mendel's results in 1900?

<p>Advancements in microscopy allowed them to observe cell division more closely. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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