Genetics II: Imprinting in Organisms
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Questions and Answers

What is the process of imprinting in genetics?

  • The expression of all genes equally from both parents
  • The process of gene mutation in somatic cells
  • A mechanism that alters the hereditary material of an offspring
  • A process that modifies chromosomes or genomes in the parental generation (correct)

    • What is the characteristic of imprinting that distinguishes it from classical Mendelian genetics?

  • It involves only sex-linked genes
  • It assumes that parental genomes are equivalent
  • It shows that parental genomes are not equivalent (correct)
  • It involves only autosomal genes

    • What is the outcome of imprinting during development?

  • Loss of all genetic information from one parent
  • The same expression of genes from both parents
  • Parent-of-origin-specific expression of certain genes (correct)
  • Random inactivation of chromosomes

    • In which generation is imprinting established?

    <p>Anew in the germ line in each generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of the changes caused by imprinting?

    <p>Stable and inheritable throughout somatic cell divisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of imprinting related to sex determination?

    <p>Heterochromatinization of paternally derived chromosomes in scale insects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which generation of flowering plants does imprinting occur?

    <p>Gametophytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of endosperm with an incorrect ratio of paternally and maternally derived genomes in plants?

    <p>Failure to grow properly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which insect has been found to exhibit imprinting?

    <p>Sciara coprophila</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Medea gene in Arabidopsis?

    <p>Control of seed development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In mammals, what is the effect of imprinting on development?

    <p>It has a significant impact on development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of androgenetic or gynogenetic embryos in plants?

    <p>They are more or less normal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of zygotes form ovarian teratomas?

    <p>Gynogenetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using mice in studying imprinting?

    <p>They are experimentally tractable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for pairs of chromosomes or parts of chromosomes derived from the same parent?

    <p>Uniparental disomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene is imprinted in mice but not in humans?

    <p>IGF2R</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated number of imprinted genes in humans and mice?

    <p>100-200</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of alterations to imprinted genes in humans?

    <p>Several human genetic diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

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