Genetics: Genes and Alleles
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Questions and Answers

What is the complementary base pair of adenine in DNA?

  • Uracil
  • Guanine
  • Thymine (correct)
  • Cytosine

What is the sequence of components from largest to smallest in a cell?

  • Chromosomes -> DNA -> Gene -> Nucleus -> Cell
  • Gene -> DNA -> Chromosomes -> Nucleus -> Cell
  • Nucleus -> Chromosomes -> DNA -> Gene
  • Cell -> Nucleus -> Chromosomes -> DNA -> Gene (correct)

What is the primary function of genes in DNA?

  • To control the reproduction process
  • To carry the instructions for making a particular protein (correct)
  • To store energy for the cell
  • To regulate the temperature of the cell

What is the role of the ovaries in the reproductive system?

<p>To produce eggs and female hormones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?

<p>To produce fluid for sperm nourishment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the symbol for a female in a pedigree chart?

<p>Circle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a variable that changes in response to an independent variable in an experiment?

<p>Dependent variable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?

<p>To transport sperm during ejaculation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up neatly in the middle of the cell?

<p>Metaphase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the G2 phase in interphase?

<p>Checking for DNA damage and repairing it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step occurs last in the cell division process?

<p>Cytokinesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

<p>Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two scientists are credited with discovering the structure of DNA?

<p>Watson and Crick (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrogenous base is paired with cytosine in DNA?

<p>Guanine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final act of the cell division process where the cell divides into two?

<p>Cytokinesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the chromosome counts for haploid and diploid cells respectively in humans?

<p>23 and 46 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many chromosomes do humans have in a somatic cell?

<p>46 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process results in four unique haploid cells?

<p>Meiosis II (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following stages involves paired chromosomes aligning at the cell's equator?

<p>Metaphase I (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of genotype is represented by 'Hh'?

<p>Heterogeneous (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following refers to the physical appearance of a person?

<p>Phenotype (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of meiosis involves sister chromatids separating to opposite poles?

<p>Anaphase II (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a purebred genotype such as 'HH' or 'hh'?

<p>Homogeneous (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of splitting a cell into four sex cells called?

<p>Meiosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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