Genetics Concepts Matching Quiz

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Match the disorder with its primary characteristic:

Prader-Willi Syndrome = Reduced motor function and obesity Angelman Syndrome = Hyperactivity and seizures MERRF Disorder = Mitochondrial inheritance Dwarfism in Mice = Affected by paternal IGF2 allele

Match the type of DNA with its location in plant cells:

Chloroplast DNA = Extranuclear DNA Mitochondrial DNA = Extranuclear DNA Nuclear DNA = In the nucleus mtDNA = Inside mitochondria

Match the genetic concept with its definition:

Maternal Effect = Influence of maternal genotype on offspring phenotype Genomic Imprinting = Differential expression based on parental origin Phenotypic Ratio = Expected distribution of traits in offspring Differentially Methylated Regions = Regions with variable methylation patterns

Match the genotype configuration with its expected phenotypes:

nn female x Nn male = All offspring recessive Nn female x Nn male = All offspring dominant Affected male MERRF x Normal female = None of the offspring affected nn mother x Nn father = Offspring showing recessive phenotype Signup and view all the answers

Match the condition with the required knowledge to predict phenotype:

Snail Coiling = Maternal genotype Dwarfism in Mice = Paternal genotype MERRF Disorder = Maternal phenotype Prader-Willi Syndrome = Paternal chromosome 15 deletion Signup and view all the answers

Match the gene concept with its effect on gene expression:

Imprinting = Only paternal allele expressed Methylation = Silencing of gene expression Maternal Effect Genes = Determine offspring phenotype based on mother Deletion = Loss of genetic material affecting disorders Signup and view all the answers

Match the syndrome with its common genetic cause:

Prader-Willi Syndrome = Small deletion in paternal chromosome 15 Angelman Syndrome = Small deletion in maternal chromosome 15 MERRF Disorder = Mitochondrial inheritance pattern Dwarfism in Mice = Mutation in IGF2 allele Signup and view all the answers

Match the disorder with its known symptoms:

Prader-Willi Syndrome = Small hands and feet Angelman Syndrome = Repetitive symmetrical muscle movements Dwarfism = Dependent on paternal genotype MERRF Disorder = Unusual muscle symptoms and myoclonic seizures Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Epigenetic Inheritance = Modification that alters gene expression but is not permanent over generations Dosage Compensation = Ensures similar gene expression levels in males and females Genomic Imprinting = Expression depends on whether inherited from male or female parent DNA Methylation = Key mechanism in imprinting that typically inhibits transcription Signup and view all the answers

Match the following key figures with their contributions:

Murray Barr = Identified the Barr body in 1949 Ewart Bertram = Collaborated with Murray Barr in identifying the Barr body Susumu Ohno = Proposed the Barr body is a condensed X chromosome Mary Lyon = Proposed dosage compensation through X chromosome inactivation Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of inheritance with their characteristics:

Non-Mendelian Inheritance = Patterns of inheritance that do not follow Mendel's laws Monoallelic Expression = Only one allele is expressed while the other is silenced Coat Color Variability = Caused by X chromosome inactivation during embryonic development Heterozygous Normal Offspring = Result from a cross between homozygous normal male and homozygous mutant female Signup and view all the answers

Match the phenomena with their descriptions:

Variegated Coat Color in Mice = Patches of different fur colors due to X inactivation Igf-2 Gene = Encodes insulin-like growth factor 2 necessary for growth Homozygous Mutant Male Cross = Results in dwarf heterozygous offspring Erasure of Imprints = Occurs during gametogenesis for further expression regulation Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of crossing with its outcome:

Homozygous Normal Male x Homozygous Mutant Female = Offspring are heterozygous and normal Reciprocal Cross = Offspring are heterozygous and dwarf Igf-2m Allele Expression = Expressed only when inherited from the father Barr Body Formation = Results from inactivation of one X chromosome in females Signup and view all the answers

Match the imprinting mechanisms with their features:

Imprinting Control Region = Contains binding sites for transcription factors Expression in Somatic Cells = Both genders express Igf-2 Methylation in Sperm or Oocyte = Inhibits transcription and regulates imprinting Reestablishment of Imprints = Dependent on the sex of the animal during gametogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Match the genetic concepts with their effects:

DNA Modification during Oogenesis = Affect gene expression temporarily X Chromosome Inactivation = Leads to phenotypic variations such as coat color Dwarfism Cause = Due to mutant Igf-2 resulting in nonfunctional protein Barr Body Discovery = Related to dosage compensation in XX females Signup and view all the answers

Match the genetic crosses with their descriptions:

Normal Male x Mutant Female = Yields heterozygous offspring, normal phenotype Mutant Male x Normal Female = Yields heterozygous offspring, dwarf phenotype Igf-2 Gene Function = Necessary for producing a normal sized organism Male Transmitting Alleles = Only the male transmits active variants of Igf-2 Signup and view all the answers

Epigenetic Inheritance

A change in gene expression, not in the DNA sequence, that can be passed down through generations; only temporary

Dosage Compensation

Equalization of gene expression between males and females, despite different chromosome numbers (e.g. XY vs. XX).