Genetics Chapter Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is defined as the study of heredity?

  • Philosophy
  • Evolution
  • Genetics (correct)
  • Genomics

    • Who is known as the 'father of genetics'?

  • Watson
  • Darwin
  • Crick
  • Mendel (correct)

    • What is the definition of genotype?

  • Same alleles in a pair of chromosomes
  • Genetic expression represented by letters (correct)
  • Physical characteristics of an organism
  • Fertilized egg

    • What does the term 'testcross' refer to?

    <p>Crossing a known genotype with a fully recessive one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What represents homozygous chromosomes?

    <p>BB or bb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of 'allele'?

    <p>A specific form of a gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many chromosomes do humans have in total?

    <p>23 pairs or 46 total</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'F1' stand for in genetics?

    <p>First generation (Filial)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a gamete?

    <p>A sex cell (egg or sperm)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does phenotypic expression refer to?

    <p>The physical appearance of an organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two chromosomes that make up a female?

    <p>XX</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a dominant trait?

    <p>Always expressed regardless of one parent passing it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is codominance?

    <p>When both traits are fully expressed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of recessive traits?

    <p>They require one copy from each parent to be expressed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs in incomplete dominance?

    <p>Traits completely blend into a new phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trait is an example of a polygenic trait?

    <p>Skin color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four main blood types?

    <p>A, B, AB, O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Rh factor represent in blood typing?

    <p>An antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes multiple alleles in genetics?

    <p>They are variations of a gene that govern a single trait.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Height is considered a polygenic trait because it is influenced by:

    <p>Multiple genes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does sex-linked inheritance refer to?

    <p>Traits linked to genes on the sex chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Law of Segregation state?

    <p>Each gamete receives only one of the two copies of a gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the Law of Independent Assortment?

    <p>Genes are inherited independently from each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of inheritance is associated with genes located on the Y chromosome?

    <p>Y-linked inheritance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Law of Segregation?

    <p>Both alleles of a gene are present in each gamete.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genotype of the man with albinism?

    <p>nn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the F2 generation are expected to exhibit the albino phenotype?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phenotype of the F1 generation offspring?

    <p>100% Normal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many different genotypes are present in the F2 generation?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genotype corresponds to normal pigmentation in the offspring of the F2 generation?

    <p>Both B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant benefit of stem cell therapy?

    <p>It can create organs and repair damaged tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common concern regarding genetically modified food?

    <p>It may pose long-term unknown health issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a potential downside of cloning?

    <p>It may lead to ethical and unknown problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential benefit of DNA profiling?

    <p>It helps create a comprehensive DNA database for crime solving.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ethical concern is associated with the concept of designer babies?

    <p>It challenges the natural process of reproduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genotype of the normally pigmented woman in Problem 24?

    <p>Nn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phenotype of all the children in Problem 24?

    <p>Five albino and five normal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would the possible genotypes of the F2 generation be in Problem 25?

    <p>RRBB, RRBb, RrBB, RrBb, rrBB, rrBb, Rrbb, and rrbb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following genotypes represents a rough, black guinea pig in Problem 25?

    <p>RrBb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Problem 25, what ratio of the F2 generation is smooth, white?

    <p>1/16</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phenotypic ratio expected for the offspring from the cross RrBb x RrBb?

    <p>9:3:3:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What genotype corresponds to a Rough White phenotype from the Punnett square?

    <p>RRbb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genotype will yield offspring that are all Rough Black when crossed with RrBb?

    <p>RRBb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following phenotypes would be least likely to appear in the offspring from the cross RrBb x RrBb?

    <p>Smooth White</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many genotypes can result from the cross RrBb x RrBb, based on the Punnett square?

    <p>9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the possible genotypes of the offspring when an F1 guinea pig is crossed with a fully recessive guinea pig?

    <p>RrBb, Rrbb, rrBb, rrbb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phenotype ratio of the offspring if an F1 guinea pig is crossed with a fully recessive guinea pig?

    <p>4 Rough Black : 4 Rough White : 4 Smooth Black : 4 Smooth White</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a rough, white male is crossed with a smooth, black female and produces four different phenotypes, what are the possible parental genotypes?

    <p>Rbb x rrB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phenotype is NOT represented among the offspring from the specified crosses?

    <p>Curly White</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the genotypes of the guinea pigs in the crosses?

    <p>At least one parent carries a recessive allele.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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