Genetics Basics Quiz
48 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is defined as the transmission and expression of characteristics or traits from parents to offspring?

  • Heredity (correct)
  • Genetic variation
  • Chromosomal evolution
  • Genetic mutation

    • Which of the following traits can be transmitted in humans?

  • Size of fruit
  • Shape of flowers
  • Color of eyes (correct)
  • Color of leaves

    • What type of organism has two sets of chromosomes referred to as homologues?

  • Polyploid organism
  • Haploid organism
  • Tetraploid organism
  • Diploid organism (correct)

    • During what process do diploid organisms produce gametes?

    <p>Meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the genetic makeup inherited during fertilization?

    <p>Genotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following traits is NOT transmissible in animals?

    <p>Color and shape of leaves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the offspring of a diploid individual inherit from each parent?

    <p>One set of chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the number of chromosomes during meiosis?

    <p>It is halved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are chromosomes primarily composed of?

    <p>Nucleic acids and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diploid number of chromosomes in human body cells?

    <p>46 chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option correctly describes alleles?

    <p>Alternative forms of a gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure forms during the condensation of chromosomes?

    <p>Chromatid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nitrogenous bases pair together in DNA?

    <p>Adenine with Thymine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell undergoes meiotic divisions to produce gametes?

    <p>Reproductive cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is responsible for the formation of gametes?

    <p>Meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the structure of DNA?

    <p>Double helix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What generation did Mendel refer to the offspring produced from the initial cross of tall and short pea plants?

    <p>First filial generation (F1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenotypic ratio did Mendel observe in the second filial generation (F2)?

    <p>3 tall : 1 short</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trait was dominant in Mendel's pea plant experiments?

    <p>Tallness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genotypic ratio for the second filial generation (F2) according to Mendel's findings?

    <p>1:2:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When Mendel crossed the F1 plants, what types of plants did he produce in the F2 generation?

    <p>Tall and short plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of characteristics did Mendel study in pea plants?

    <p>Inherited characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process did Mendel use to fertilize the stigma of the short plant?

    <p>Cross-pollination with tall plant pollen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following traits did Mendel NOT study in his experiments?

    <p>Root structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of meiosis in terms of cell number and ploidy?

    <p>Four haploid daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process during prophase of meiosis contributes to genetic diversity?

    <p>Crossing over</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a monohybrid cross, what is the expected phenotypic ratio?

    <p>3:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a plant has the genotype Tt, what is the probability that a gamete will contain the allele t?

    <p>1/2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the probability of an event occurring represent?

    <p>The number of successful trials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chance that two independent events will occur together?

    <p>Product of their probabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an albino man (homozygous recessive) marries a normal woman (homozygous dominant), what is the probability they will have an albino child?

    <p>0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does crossing over during meiosis affect alleles on chromosomes?

    <p>It rearranges and mixes alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily stores hereditary information in all organisms?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of rocks are fossils primarily found in?

    <p>Sedimentary rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a vestigial organ in humans?

    <p>Appendix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which process do mutations commonly occur?

    <p>Meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mutation involves sudden changes at a specific point in the DNA structure?

    <p>Gene point mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of mutations in evolution?

    <p>They provide raw materials for natural selection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical feature is a common similarity among vertebrates?

    <p>Pentadactyl limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which embryonic feature of humans resembles those of other organisms in early development?

    <p>Gills and pouches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concept behind Darwin's theory of natural selection?

    <p>The fittest individuals are most likely to survive and reproduce.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of divergent evolution?

    <p>Related species adapt differently to various niches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of adaptive characteristics in natural selection?

    <p>They allow some individuals to survive better in their environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a source of evidence for evolution?

    <p>Astrology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does natural selection relate to extinction?

    <p>Only organisms with adaptive characteristics survive and pass traits to offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of modern theories of evolution, which of the following fields is NOT directly related?

    <p>Mythology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the serological tests used in understanding evolutionary relationships?

    <p>They compare biochemical reactions between antigens and antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does convergence in evolution refer to?

    <p>Unrelated species evolving similarities due to similar environmental pressures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser