Genetics Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for an alternative form of a gene?

  • Trait
  • Chromosome
  • Locus
  • Allele (correct)

    • In genetics, what is the term for the specific position on a chromosome where a particular gene is located?

  • True breed
  • Genotype
  • Phenotype
  • Locus (correct)

    • What do we call the genetic make-up of an individual for a specific gene or as a whole?

  • Recessive
  • Dominant
  • Hemizygous
  • Genotype (correct)

    • What is the term for having only one copy of a gene?

    <p>Hemizygous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do we call the second filial generation produced when F1 individuals are self-crossed with each other?

    <p>F2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an allele whose expression overpowers the effect of a second form of the same gene?

    <p>Dominant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to parents that are homozygous for every trait?

    <p>True breed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In genetics, what do we call an observable trait of an individual resulting from one (or more) specific genes?

    <p>Phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for where two alleles for a given gene are different from each other?

    <p>Heterozygous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an alternative form of a gene?

    <p>Allele</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of genetic variation within and among populations known as?

    <p>Population genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a non-human species used in the laboratory to help scientists understand biological processes?

    <p>Model organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do genes hold information for?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for where two alleles for a given gene are different from each other?

    <p>Heterozygous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do traits result from?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a genetic cross, what is the term for a square diagram used to predict the genotypes of offspring?

    <p>Punnett square</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Gregor Mendel find to be the principle where alleles segregate independently during gamete formation?

    <p>Principle of independent assortment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to genetic variation among humans?

    <p>Multiple alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a dominant trait in humans?

    <p>Almond-shaped eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the principle of independent assortment?

    <p>New combinations of genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during meiosis I?

    <p>Different homologous pairs line up in random orientations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a person with one copy of the normal tyrosinase gene produce?

    <p>Melanin and brown eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trait is dominant to hitchhiker thumb?

    <p><strong>Straight</strong> thumb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Astigmatism is an example of a dominant trait. What is astigmatism?

    <p><strong>A visual impairment</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Familial hypercholesterolemia is an example of a dominant trait. What does it refer to?

    <p><strong>An inherited disorder affecting cholesterol levels</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is an example of a trait resulting from X-linked dominant inheritance?

    <p>Fragile X syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inability to distinguish between certain colors due to genetic factors?

    <p>Colorblindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the condition where genes on the same chromosome are inherited together?

    <p>Linkage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for traits that are controlled by one gene and have two alleles, one of which is completely dominant?

    <p>Mendelian traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the genes being on the sex chromosomes and therefore linked to gender?

    <p>Sex-linked genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the rarity of Y-linked inheritance?

    <p>Small number of genes carried on the Y chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic condition is an example of X-linked dominant inheritance and is characterized by large ears, forehead, and learning disabilities?

    <p>Fragile X syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do we call an allele whose expression overpowers the effect of a second form of the same gene?

    <p>Dominant allele</p> Signup and view all the answers

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