Genetics Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for an alternative form of a gene?

  • Trait
  • Chromosome
  • Locus
  • Allele (correct)

In genetics, what is the term for the specific position on a chromosome where a particular gene is located?

  • True breed
  • Genotype
  • Phenotype
  • Locus (correct)

What do we call the genetic make-up of an individual for a specific gene or as a whole?

  • Recessive
  • Dominant
  • Hemizygous
  • Genotype (correct)

What is the term for having only one copy of a gene?

<p>Hemizygous (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do we call the second filial generation produced when F1 individuals are self-crossed with each other?

<p>F2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an allele whose expression overpowers the effect of a second form of the same gene?

<p>Dominant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to parents that are homozygous for every trait?

<p>True breed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In genetics, what do we call an observable trait of an individual resulting from one (or more) specific genes?

<p>Phenotype (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for where two alleles for a given gene are different from each other?

<p>Heterozygous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an alternative form of a gene?

<p>Allele (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of genetic variation within and among populations known as?

<p>Population genetics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a non-human species used in the laboratory to help scientists understand biological processes?

<p>Model organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do genes hold information for?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for where two alleles for a given gene are different from each other?

<p>Heterozygous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do traits result from?

<p>Proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a genetic cross, what is the term for a square diagram used to predict the genotypes of offspring?

<p>Punnett square (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Gregor Mendel find to be the principle where alleles segregate independently during gamete formation?

<p>Principle of independent assortment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to genetic variation among humans?

<p>Multiple alleles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a dominant trait in humans?

<p>Almond-shaped eyes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the principle of independent assortment?

<p>New combinations of genes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during meiosis I?

<p>Different homologous pairs line up in random orientations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a person with one copy of the normal tyrosinase gene produce?

<p>Melanin and brown eyes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which trait is dominant to hitchhiker thumb?

<p><strong>Straight</strong> thumb (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Astigmatism is an example of a dominant trait. What is astigmatism?

<p><strong>A visual impairment</strong> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Familial hypercholesterolemia is an example of a dominant trait. What does it refer to?

<p><strong>An inherited disorder affecting cholesterol levels</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is an example of a trait resulting from X-linked dominant inheritance?

<p>Fragile X syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inability to distinguish between certain colors due to genetic factors?

<p>Colorblindness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the condition where genes on the same chromosome are inherited together?

<p>Linkage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for traits that are controlled by one gene and have two alleles, one of which is completely dominant?

<p>Mendelian traits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the genes being on the sex chromosomes and therefore linked to gender?

<p>Sex-linked genes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the rarity of Y-linked inheritance?

<p>Small number of genes carried on the Y chromosome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which genetic condition is an example of X-linked dominant inheritance and is characterized by large ears, forehead, and learning disabilities?

<p>Fragile X syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do we call an allele whose expression overpowers the effect of a second form of the same gene?

<p>Dominant allele (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers
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