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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of X inactivation?
What is the purpose of X inactivation?
- To ensure proper functioning of Y-linked genes
- To increase gene expression in males
- To equalize gene expression between males and females
- To prevent double dosage of X-linked genes in females (correct)
What is nondisjunction?
What is nondisjunction?
- Duplication of a portion of a chromosome
- Exchange of genetic material between non-homologous chromosomes
- Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during cell division (correct)
- Loss of a portion of a chromosome
What is the result if nondisjunction occurs during meiosis I?
What is the result if nondisjunction occurs during meiosis I?
- One gamete with an extra chromosome and one with a missing chromosome (correct)
- All gametes with a missing chromosome
- All gametes with an extra chromosome
- Two gametes with an extra chromosome
The Philadelphia chromosome is an example of which alteration in chromosome structure?
The Philadelphia chromosome is an example of which alteration in chromosome structure?
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What is the X-Y system of sex-linked inheritance?
What is the X-Y system of sex-linked inheritance?
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Study Notes
X Inactivation
- X inactivation is a process that ensures equal expression of genes between males and females by inactivating one of the two X chromosomes in females.
Chromosomal Alterations
- Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division, resulting in abnormal chromosome numbers.
Meiosis and Nondisjunction
- If nondisjunction occurs during meiosis I, the result is daughter cells with an abnormal number of chromosomes, specifically, one cell with an extra chromosome and one cell with a missing chromosome.
Chromosomal Structure Alterations
- The Philadelphia chromosome is an example of a translocation, which is a type of alteration in chromosome structure where a segment of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another non-homologous chromosome.
Sex-Linked Inheritance
- The X-Y system of sex-linked inheritance is a system where the sex of an individual is determined by the presence of sex chromosomes (X and Y), and certain traits are linked to these chromosomes.
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Description
Test your knowledge of genetics and sex-linked inheritance with this quiz. Explore topics such as X-Y system, X-O, Z-W, and haplo-diploid systems of sex determination, setting up and interpreting results of crosses involving sex-linked traits, purpose of X inactivation, randomness of X inactivation, nondisjunction, and its consequences.
