Genetics and Pedigrees Quiz

False (B)

To trace traits through generations and predict carrier status of hereditary diseases.

<p>flowers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carrier = An individual who has one copy of a recessive allele Pedigree = A diagram used to trace traits through generations Selective Breeding = Mating organisms with desirable traits Hemophilia = A genetic disorder that can be tracked in pedigrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phenotype (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alleles represent different forms of a gene that determine specific traits in an organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>purple, white</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gene = Instructions for an inherited trait Allele = Alternative forms of a gene Genotype = Organism's genetic makeup Phenotype = Observable characteristics of an organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Homozygous (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PP</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pp</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genotype = The combination of genes for one or more specific traits Heterozygous = Organism with two different alleles for a trait Homozygous = Organism with two identical alleles Phenotype = The observable traits of an organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dominant trait (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Produces offspring that are genetic copies of the parent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>mitosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White flower trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>XX (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>23</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True-breeding = Plants that produce offspring with the same trait Dominant trait = Trait that appears in the first generation Recessive trait = Trait that disappears in the first generation Self-pollination = Process where a plant pollinates itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>colorblindness and hemophilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>X</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colorblindness = Difficulty distinguishing between shades of red and green Hemophilia = Prevention of blood clotting leading to prolonged bleeding X chromosome = Contains genes for sex-linked disorders Y chromosome = Typically does not carry the same genes as the X chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are self-pollinating. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce sex cells with half the number of chromosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They produce offspring with the same traits as the parent plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>different</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Incomplete dominance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Walter Sutton</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>half</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Self-Pollination = Pollen fertilizes ovule of the same plant Cross-Pollination = Pollen fertilizes ovule of a different plant Insects = Carry pollen to another flower Wind = Transfers pollen between flowers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pink</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interphase = Each chromosome is copied Prophase = The chromosomes thicken and shorten Metaphase = The chromatids line up along the equator of the cell Telophase = The result is two identical copies of the original cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$R^1R^1$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Purple flowers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1850</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>smooth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flower color = Purple Seed color = Yellow Pod color = Green Plant height = Tall</p> Signup and view all the answers

A diagram that tracks a trait or disease through generations of a family.

A plant that consistently produces offspring with the same trait.

A person who carries a recessive gene for a trait but does not express the trait themselves.

The first generation of offspring resulting from a cross between two parent plants.

The process of intentionally breeding organisms with desirable traits to produce offspring with those traits.

The trait that appears in the first generation offspring when two different true-breeding plants are crossed.

A genetic disorder that prevents blood from clotting properly.

The trait that seems to fade into the background in the first generation offspring.

A professional who helps people understand their genetic risk and family history of inherited diseases.

The second generation of offspring resulting from a cross between two first-generation plants.

The combination of genes an organism inherits from its parents. It's like the complete set of instructions in an organism's DNA.

A homozygous genotype has two identical alleles for a trait. Think of it like having two copies of the same instruction.

A heterozygous genotype has two different alleles for a trait. It's like having two different instructions for the same characteristic.

A tool used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a cross.

A form of a gene, like different versions of the same recipe for a trait. For example, brown hair, blonde hair, etc.

The chance or likelihood of a specific event happening. It's used to predict offspring genotypes.

A set of instructions for a specific trait passed down from parents to offspring. It's like a recipe for a characteristic.

A pattern of inheritance where neither allele is completely dominant over the other, resulting in a blended phenotype.

An offspring that inherits two different alleles for the same trait from its parents, resulting in an intermediate phenotype.

In genetics, a true-breeding organism carries two identical alleles for a particular trait. This means that the organism will always produce offspring with the same phenotype for that trait.

The relative proportion of different traits in the offspring. It shows how often one trait appears compared to another.

The study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring.

A feature or characteristic of an organism, such as flower color, seed shape, or height.

A type of reproduction where a single parent cell divides, creating two identical offspring.

Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. Humans have two, called X and Y.

A type of reproduction involving the fusion of two parent cells (sex cells) to create offspring with unique genetic combinations.

Females have two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y.

During sexual reproduction, sperm carries either an X or a Y chromosome. The egg always carries an X.

Sex cells, like sperm and egg cells, that contain half the number of chromosomes as a normal body cell.

Pairs of chromosomes with the same genes but possibly different versions (alleles) of those genes.

Disorders caused by genes located on the X chromosome. Males are more likely to have them because they only have one X.

A recessive gene on the X chromosome that can cause colorblindness.

The process of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells from a single parent cell.

A copying process that produces sex cells (gametes) with half the usual number of chromosomes.

A pair of chromosomes containing the same genes, one from each parent.

The stage of cell division where a cell duplicates its chromosomes, creating two identical copies called chromatids.

The stage where the duplicated chromosomes (chromatids) align at the center of the cell, ready to be pulled apart.

The stage where the duplicated chromosomes are pulled apart, moving to opposite ends of the cell.

A type of plant reproduction where the pollen from a flower fertilizes the ovule of the same flower or another flower on the same plant.

A type of reproduction where pollen from one plant fertilizes the ovule of a different plant.

A type of self-pollination where the pollen from the stamen of a flower fertilizes the ovule of the same flower.

A type of self-pollination where the pollen from one flower on a plant fertilizes the ovule of another flower on the same plant.