Genetics and Inheritance Basics

Genetics Basics

• Gregor Mendel is considered the father of modern genetics, a foundational figure in the field.

Cell Division and Inheritance

• Mitosis is the process by which gametes (sex cells) are produced in an organism.

Autosomal Dominant Traits

• Autosomal dominant traits are always expressed when an individual inherits one copy of the dominant allele, showcasing the dominant nature of these traits.

Inheritance Patterns

• Polygenic inheritance involves the interaction of multiple genes, not just two, highlighting the complex nature of genetic interactions.

Genotype and Phenotype

• The genotype of an individual determines their phenotype, illustrating the direct relationship between genetic makeup and physical characteristics.

Key Figures in Genetics

• Gregor Mendel is known as the father of modern genetics.

Cellular Processes

• Mitosis is the process by which gametes are produced.
• Meiosis is not the process by which somatic cells are produced.

Inheritance Patterns

• Autosomal dominant traits are always expressed when an individual inherits one copy of the dominant allele.
• Autosomal recessive inheritance requires an individual to inherit two copies of the recessive allele to express the trait.
• Polygenic inheritance involves the interaction of multiple genes.

Genotype and Phenotype

• The genotype of an individual determines their phenotype.

Gregor Mendel's Work

• Gregor Mendel's work on genetics was not widely recognized and accepted during his lifetime.

Environmental Influence

• The environment does influence the phenotype of an individual.