Genetics and Biotechnology Overview

What does the Greek term 'Arête' signify?

Which machine was developed to decipher messages encrypted by the German Enigma?

Who suggested selling the Apple I computer as a fully assembled printed circuit board?

What is one of the three major concerns of GMOs?

What technology, when combined with the printing press, improved printing methods?

What genetic disorder is characterized by a severely weakened immune system?

Which of the following genetically modified organisms is engineered to produce insulin for diabetes treatment?

What is the main purpose of golden rice?

Dolly the sheep is significant because she was the first mammal cloned from which type of cell?

Which genetically modified plant is known for its role in bioremediation?

Which plant is modified to produce a blue hue through genetic alteration?

What condition results from an extra chromosome 21?

What term refers to the process of enhancing staple foods with nutrients?

Gene Therapy

Extracting white blood cells and introducing a missing gene (ADA) was crucial in a gene therapy procedure.
Gene therapy can treat genetic disorders.

GMO Applications

Golden Rice produces beta-carotene (a vitamin A precursor) to combat vitamin A deficiency.
Humulin is a GMO used to produce human insulin for diabetes.
Poplar trees are genetically modified to enhance paper production.
Shrub tobacco is used in bioremediation to remove harmful substances from polluted air.
Periwinkle plants are used in pharmaceuticals due to their alkaloids with therapeutic properties.
AquaAdvantage Salmon grow year-round.

Cloning

Dolly was the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell.
Cloning creates genetically identical organisms through asexual reproduction.

Genetic Disorders

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) significantly weakens the immune system.
Down syndrome is caused by an extra chromosome 21.

Genetically Modified Foods

Arctic Apples resist browning/discoloration.
Blue roses produce a blue hue through pigment-producing genes.
Fortification enhances staple foods with nutrients (e.g., beta-carotene in rice for vitamin A).

Bioremediation

Genetically modified plants, like shrub tobacco, clean polluted areas by absorbing and detoxifying harmful substances.

Other Concepts

Memento Mori: a Latin phrase meaning "Remember you will die," a reminder of mortality.
Steve Wozniak: co-founder of Apple Inc. who developed the Apple I computer.
Hedonism: the philosophy that focuses on "Eat, drink, and be merry for tomorrow we die."
Electronic Brains: the term for the first generation of personal computers in the 1970s.

Explore the fascinating world of genetics and biotechnology through this quiz. From gene therapy's breakthroughs to the applications of genetically modified organisms, learn how these advancements are shaping medicine and agriculture. Test your knowledge on cloning and genetic disorders.