Genetics and Biotechnology: Calculating Allele and Genotype Frequencies
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If a population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, what can be inferred about its genetic structure?

  • It is changing over time.
  • It is not evolving at the particular genetic locus. (correct)
  • There is a high frequency of heterozygous carriers.
  • There is no genetic variation.
  • What is the definition of evolution from a population genetics perspective?

  • A change in the genetic structure of a population over time. (correct)
  • A change in the environment over time.
  • The process of natural selection acting on a population.
  • The random change in allele frequencies due to genetic drift.
  • In a population, if the frequency of AA homozygotes is not equal to p2, what can be concluded?

  • The population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
  • The population is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. (correct)
  • The frequency of normal homozygous individuals is low.
  • The frequency of the mutated CF allele is high.
  • What is the summation of the Hardy-Weinberg Theorem?

    <p>p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a deviation from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium indicate?

    <p>Microevolution is occurring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?

    <p>The frequency of AA homozygotes is equal to p2, the frequency of Aa heterozygotes is equal to 2pq, and the frequency of aa homozygotes is equal to q2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of the A allele in the given population?

    <p>0.8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genotype frequency of the AA genotype in the given population?

    <p>0.64</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition for the Hardy-Weinberg Principle to be applicable?

    <p>Random mating and no genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the cross between an A pollen and an a ovum?

    <p>Aa genotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation that describes the genetic structure of a non-evolving population?

    <p>p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the principle that describes the genetic structure of a non-evolving population?

    <p>The Hardy-Weinberg Principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of the RP allele in Tristan da Cunha compared to Britain?

    <p>Higher in Tristan da Cunha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of gene flow between two populations?

    <p>Genetic differences between populations decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the pink flowered plants being 'fitter' than the white flowered plants at the phenotypic level?

    <p>The frequency of pink flowered plants will increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?

    <p>A closed system with no gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the frequency of the A allele and the a allele in the population over time?

    <p>The frequency of the A allele increases, and the frequency of the a allele decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of genetic drift in a population?

    <p>Decreased genetic variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the exchange of alleles between populations?

    <p>Gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the process described in the population?

    <p>Microevolution via natural selection and adaptation to the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the increase in the frequency of the pink allele (A allele) in the population?

    <p>The A allele is advantageous over the a allele</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be affected by inbreeding in a population?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of natural selection on the allele frequencies in the population?

    <p>The frequency of the A allele increases, and the frequency of the a allele decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the population being fixed for the white allele (a allele) in Generation 1?

    <p>The frequency of the A allele is 0.0, and the frequency of the a allele is 1.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of genetic variation in a population?

    <p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the frequency of the a allele when a mutation occurs in a white-flowered plant population?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the presence of pink flowers in a wildflower population in terms of adaptation?

    <p>They are more visible to pollen-collecting bees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a mutation in a population in terms of genetic structure?

    <p>An alteration of the genetic structure by creating new alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of natural selection on the wildflower population?

    <p>It favors the pink-flowered plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of the a allele in the initial generation?

    <p>1.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

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