Genetically Engineered Products Overview

<p>1976 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1971 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use of agar as a medium. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helped determine the structure of DNA. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>William Astbury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>None of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dolly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ADA deficiency therapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1982 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1986 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic Engineering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Producing new genetic combinations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Astronomy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Artificial selection of animals like horses and camels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They act as carriers to propagate the recombinant DNA. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They established the foundations of genetics by observing hereditary patterns of diseases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The rise of the fermentation industry. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viral vector insertion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To create organisms that can only reproduce asexually. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased sweetness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To improve the characteristics of organisms for human benefit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To replicate independently and carry genes for antibiotic resistance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They successfully created the first genetically modified organisms using recombinant DNA technology. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To identify and cut specific DNA sequences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It demonstrated that genetic material can be transferred between unrelated organisms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can increase crop yield and resistance to pests and diseases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chromosomal DNA carries essential genes for bacterial survival, while plasmids carry non-essential genes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provided the necessary tools for isolating, manipulating, and inserting genes into bacteria. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The combination of DNA fragments from different sources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microinjection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Generating hybrid plants with desirable traits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic manipulation of crops for pest resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To deliver genetically engineered DNA into bacterial cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protoplast fusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electroporation uses electrical pulses, while protoplast fusion uses chemical agents. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To understand how genes influence a person's response to drugs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Replacing a defective gene with a normal functional gene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They cut DNA at specific sites, creating fragments. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce proteins in large quantities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To join DNA fragments together. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows scientists to amplify DNA sequences, producing millions of copies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transformation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Introducing genetic material into cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Replication of host cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blunt-ended fragments have no overhanging nucleotides, and cohesive fragments have overhanging nucleotides. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Manipulating an organism's DNA to achieve desired traits.

DNA that has been artificially made by combining DNA from different sources.

Cats engineered to produce fluorescent protein from jellyfish DNA.

Uses include medicine, agriculture, and environmental management.

Advantages include disease resistance, higher yields, and enhanced traits.

Potential risks include ethical concerns and ecological impacts.

Yeast has been used since 6000 B.C. for producing beer.

The process of breeding organisms for desired traits.

Extra loops of DNA in bacteria that replicate independently.

Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences.

Pioneering studies that created the first recombinant DNA in 1973.

Organisms created by transferring genes between different species.

Emergence of biotech due to recombinant DNA advancements.

Process of inserting genes into plasmids to create recombinant DNA.

Genes that provide bacteria the ability to resist antibiotics.

A technique invented in 1983 by Karen Mullis to amplify DNA segments.

The joining of DNA from different organisms to create new genetic combinations.

Organisms that have been genetically modified to contain genes from other species.

An international scientific research project to map all genes of the human genome.

An experimental technique to treat or prevent disease by altering genes.

The first mammal to be cloned from a somatic cell, born in 1997.

A therapeutic protein produced using recombinant DNA technology, used in treatments.

A genetic disorder treated with the first authorized gene therapy in the 1990s.

A method that uses physical or chemical means to transfer DNA into cells without vectors.

The process of fusing the protoplasts of different plant species to create hybrids.

A technique to inject DNA directly into cells using a fine needle.

Introducing engineered bacteriophages into cells to create recombinant DNA.

Modified to produce plastics and fuels as byproducts of photosynthesis.

Insulin produced through recombinant DNA technology for diabetic patients.

The study of how genes affect responses to drugs.

Molecular scissors used to cut DNA at specific sequences for gene manipulation.

An enzyme that joins two pieces of DNA together during genetic engineering.

The first step in recombinant DNA technology where desired DNA is purified.

The process of creating multiple copies of a specific DNA segment using PCR.

The step that involves joining cut DNA fragments with a vector using DNA ligase.

The process of inserting recombinant DNA into a host cell.

A method to introduce DNA into cells using an electric field for enhanced permeability.

Mendel presented his genetic findings using pea plants in 1864-1865.

An invention in 1884 by Chamberland for sterilization in labs.

W. Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895, crucial for imaging.

Coined by William Astbury in 1945, studying macromolecule structures.

The 1951 experiment showing DNA is hereditary material.

Werner Arber identified these enzymes in the late 1960s for DNA cleavage.

Identified independently by Temin and Baltimore in 1970; crucial for recombinant DNA.

Produced in 1972 at Boyer Laboratory, marking a milestone in genetics.