18 Questions
What is the difference between paracentric and pericentric inversions?
Pericentric inversion includes the centromere, while paracentric inversion does not.
Which type of chromosomal abnormality involves the changes in the number of chromosomes?
Polyploidy
What is the main difference between aneuploidy and polyploidy?
Aneuploidy involves missing chromosomes, while polyploidy involves extra chromosomes.
What characterizes nonreciprocal translocation?
Exchange of segments between nonhomologous chromosomes
In what situation would the chromosome fail to move to the spindle pole during cell division?
Missing centromere preventing spindle fibers from attaching
Which type of inversion does not include the centromere of the chromosome?
Paracentric inversion
A child with Cri-du-chat syndrome is most likely to exhibit which physical characteristic?
Small head, widely spaced eyes, round face
What is the main consequence of chromosome segment deletions in terms of cell division processes?
The segment will not segregate into meiosis or mitosis
Which syndrome is characterized by seizures, mental retardation, and a deletion on chromosome 4?
Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome
In reciprocal translocation, what happens to chromosome segments between two non-homologous chromosomes?
Segments are exchanged between the chromosomes
What distinguishes Prader-Willi syndrome from other syndromes mentioned?
Difficulty feeding at an early age and later becoming obese
How does reverse duplication differ from normal duplication?
Reverse duplication creates a copy in the opposite orientation
What is the main difference between structural abnormalities and numerical abnormalities in chromosomes?
Structural abnormalities involve changes in the structure of chromosomes, while numerical abnormalities involve loss or gain of whole chromosomes.
Which of the following types of structural abnormality involves the doubling of a specific chromosomal segment?
Tandem duplication
In terms of effects on individuals, what does the text suggest about chromosome loss and chromosome gain?
Chromosome loss has a greater effect on the individual than chromosome gain.
What do inversions refer to in terms of chromosomal abnormalities?
Reversal of a segment within a chromosome
If a reciprocal translocation occurs between two non-homologous chromosomes, what happens?
Two segments from different chromosomes exchange places.
Which term best describes the loss or gain of whole chromosomes?
Aneuploidy
Explore the concepts of reciprocal translocation, inversions, and the types of inversions like paracentric and pericentric. Learn about how genetic material can be rearranged, potentially leading to abnormalities in chromosomes.
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