18 Questions
What are the four nucleotide residues that make up the structure of RNA?
Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Uracil
Which of the following is a key difference between DNA and RNA structure?
DNA has a double-helix structure, while RNA has a single-stranded structure
How many different amino acids are used to construct proteins in humans?
20
What is the term used to describe an organism's complete set of DNA?
Genome
Which of the following best describes the central dogma of molecular biology?
DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into proteins
How many distinct pairs of chromosomes does the human genome contain?
46
What is the process that transfers genetic information from DNA to RNA?
Transcription
Which process involves transforming RNA into proteins based on the genetic code?
Translation
Where is the information for making proteins stored?
Central Dogma
Which region contains microRNAs and transcription factor binding sites?
Intergenic region
What is the process of converting DNA to protein through transcription and translation?
Central Dogma
In which process is RNA transformed into protein?
(RNA→protein) translation
Which RNA polymerase transcribes protein-coding genes?
RNA polymerase II
What is the role of the 5' cap in eukaryotic mRNA processing?
All of the above
Which component of the translation machinery is responsible for decoding the mRNA codons?
tRNA
What is the primary function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases?
To charge tRNA molecules with their corresponding amino acids
In which direction is the mRNA template read during translation?
5' to 3'
What is the primary function of transfer RNA (tRNA) in translation?
To transport specific amino acids to the ribosome
Test your knowledge on the processes of transcription (DNA to RNA) and translation (RNA to protein) as described by the Central Dogma of Biology. Learn how genetic information is transferred and used to make proteins, enabling predictions and cell modeling.
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