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Questions and Answers
What is a genetic code?
What is a genetic code?
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA and RNA) is translated into proteins by living cells.
What is a gene?
What is a gene?
A gene is a section of DNA that makes proteins.
Do all living organisms have the same genetic code?
Do all living organisms have the same genetic code?
True
What are the different types of codons?
What are the different types of codons?
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What is one application of the universal genetic code?
What is one application of the universal genetic code?
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During Translation, which molecule acts as the translator? Explain how.
During Translation, which molecule acts as the translator? Explain how.
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Do all cells have ribosomes? If ribosomes are messed up, can a cell be functional?
Do all cells have ribosomes? If ribosomes are messed up, can a cell be functional?
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Study Notes
Genetic Code Overview
- The genetic code translates genetic information from DNA and RNA into proteins within living cells.
- It serves as the foundation for how organisms develop and function.
Gene Definition
- A gene is a specific segment of DNA responsible for producing proteins, which are essential for various biological processes.
Universal Genetic Code
- All living organisms share the same genetic code, highlighting a fundamental similarity in the biology of diverse life forms.
Types of Codons
- There are 61 codons that correspond to specific amino acids, with AUG serving as the initiation codon that starts protein synthesis.
Application of Genetic Code
- The universal genetic code allows for the creation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), enabling the introduction of new traits and characteristics.
Role of tRNA in Translation
- Transfer RNA (tRNA) functions as the translator during the translation process, linking mRNA codons to their corresponding amino acids, facilitating protein assembly.
Ribosomes in Cells
- All cells contain ribosomes, which are crucial for protein synthesis; disrupted ribosomes result in non-functional cells, affecting overall cellular activity.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the genetic code with these flashcards. Learn key concepts such as what a genetic code is, the definition of a gene, and the universality of the genetic code among living organisms. Perfect for students of biology and genetics.
