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Genes: Basic Units of Inheritance

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the non-coding regions within a gene in eukaryotic cells?

Exons

Operons

Histones

Introns (correct)

Which of the following nitrogenous bases is classified as a purine?

Thymine (T)

Guanine (G) (correct)

Adenine (A)

Cytosine (C)

Where are histones found in eukaryotic cells in relation to DNA?

Forming the gene coding sequence

Floating free in the cytoplasm

Condensed in the nucleus (correct)

Attached to the ribosome

What is the role of promoters in gene expression?

Control when and where a gene is expressed Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a gene consists of cis-acting elements and are found at a distance from the coding portion?

Enhancers Signup and view all the answers

What process involves producing a complimentary mRNA strand from DNA?

Transcription Signup and view all the answers

What project aimed to reveal the entire genetic sequence present in human cells and was completed in 2003?

The Human Genome Project Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to different versions of a gene that can produce different phenotypes?

"Alleles" Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of a nucleotide monomer in DNA?

Uracil base Signup and view all the answers

Where are genes located in prokaryotic cells?

Cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of genes in cells?

Determine the phenotype Signup and view all the answers

How many genes are typically found in a human cell?

20,000 Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrogenous base forms triple hydrogen bonds with Guanine in DNA?

Cytosine Signup and view all the answers

Where are genes encoded in eukaryotic cells?

Nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Which organelles contain genes in eukaryotic cells besides the nucleus?

Mitochondria and chloroplasts Signup and view all the answers