Generalized Marshall-Lerner Condition
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects portfolio performance in the foreign exchange market?

  • Foreign competition
  • Exchange rate
  • Domestic operations (correct)
  • Demand from foreign investors
  • What is the purpose of FX instruments?

  • To speculate on future FX movements
  • To reduce risk (correct)
  • To generate profit
  • To facilitate international trade
  • Which type of transaction accounts for the majority of daily turnover in the global FX market?

  • Outright forward contracts (correct)
  • FX options
  • FX swaps
  • Spot transactions
  • What is the settlement period for most spot transactions?

    <p>T + 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which market has the largest daily turnover based on the information provided?

    <p>Foreign exchange market</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes the foreign exchange market a key market for investors and market participants to understand?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be impossible without the trade in currencies facilitated by the foreign exchange market?

    <p>International trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does investment portfolio performance increasingly reflect global determinants?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of exchange rate transaction occurs with currency settlement longer than the usual T + 2 settlement for spot delivery?

    <p>Forward exchange rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two specifications required for a forward contract?

    <p>The exchange rate and the settlement date</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between futures contracts and OTC forward contracts?

    <p>Futures contracts are traded on exchanges, while OTC forward contracts are traded over-the-counter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the combination of an offsetting spot transaction and a new forward contract referred to as?

    <p>FX swap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about FX swaps is true?

    <p>FX swaps consist of a simultaneous spot and forward transaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cash flow on day 95 for the trader in the given scenario?

    <p>USD1,000,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an FX swap, what happens to the forward position?

    <p>The forward position is rolled over to a new future date</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are FX options used for?

    <p>Managing FX exposures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the condition that guarantees that devaluations improve the trade balance?

    <p>The Lerner condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a demand elasticity of 0.6 mean?

    <p>Quantity demanded increases by 6 percent if price declines by 10 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for the change in expenditure (%ΔR) in terms of price change (%ΔP) and demand elasticity (ε)?

    <p>%ΔR = (1 - ε)%ΔP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean if demand is described as 'elastic'?

    <p>ε &gt; 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Marshall-Lerner condition, when is it more likely that the trade balance will improve?

    <p>When the demand for imports is elastic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classic Marshall-Lerner condition when trade is initially balanced?

    <p>εX + εM &gt; 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for the Marshall-Lerner equation?

    <p>ωXεX + ωM(εM - 1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the J-curve effect?

    <p>A pattern where the trade balance initially worsens after a currency depreciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the absorption approach to the trade balance?

    <p>The trade balance is equal to the difference between income (GDP) and domestic expenditure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism by which depreciation of the currency reduces domestic expenditure relative to income?

    <p>Wealth effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can a devaluation/depreciation of the domestic currency improve the trade balance?

    <p>When there is excess capacity in the economy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the trade balance if the economy is at full employment and domestic expenditure does not decline after a currency depreciation?

    <p>The trade balance worsens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for the trade balance according to the absorption approach?

    <p>Trade Balance = GDP - Domestic Expenditure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a devaluation/depreciation of the domestic currency affect income relative to expenditure?

    <p>It increases income relative to expenditure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, the trade balance is equal to the country's saving minus its investment in new plants and equipment. Equivalently, it is equal to the difference between income (GDP) and domestic expenditure, or absorption.

    <p>The trade balance is equal to saving minus investment in new plants and equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, how can a devaluation/depreciation of the domestic currency improve the trade balance?

    <p>By increasing income relative to expenditure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what happens to the trade balance when there is excess capacity in the economy?

    <p>The trade balance improves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, in what situation can the trade balance not improve unless domestic expenditure declines?

    <p>When the economy is at full employment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the main mechanism through which depreciation of the currency reduces domestic expenditure relative to income?

    <p>A wealth effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what happens to the trade balance when the stimulative effect of the exchange rate change is negated by the higher price level?

    <p>The trade balance reverts to its original level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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