General Science Facts

General Science

• The specialized bird feet are a result of natural selection and examples of adaptations.
• Decibels is the measurement to determine if earplugs are required when working in a factory.
• During phase II of a bacterial growth cycle in a test tube, the bacteria are dividing regularly by binary fission.
• Pressure is the major force transforming peat into coal.
• Most crustaceans have an exoskeleton.
• Seismology is the branch of science studying earthquakes.
• The reproductive organs in angiosperms are located in the flowers.
• Coastal tides are caused by the gravitational attraction of the moon and sun on Earth.
• Enzymes in the body speed up chemical reactions.
• A compass needle points north due to Earth's electromagnetic field.
• Vultures and blowflies are classified as scavengers.
• Buoyancy is the primary force acting on a floating object.
• The measuring unit for the pressure of a liquid is pounds per square inch.
• Sucrose, lactose, and fructose are different forms of sugar.

Arithmetic Reasoning

• Of 240 flights, 84 arrived from out of state, given that 25% are from within the state and 35% from out of state, with the rest from other countries.
• A jeweler's profit on selling two rings at "Two for the Price of One," normally $50.00 but costing him $20.00 each, is $10.
• If a watch battery typically lasts 3 years and is 18 months old, 1/2 of its life remains.
• A clerk processing 62 invoices in 4 hours can process 3,720 invoices in 6 weeks, working 40 hours per week.
• With 9 equal stacks of tiles, and 4 stacks (28 tiles) in a wheelbarrow, there are 35 tiles in the wheelbarrow, implying 7 tiles per stack; there are 35 tiles in the part of tiles that are in the truck.
• In a race with 472 runners, if 4 arrived by car and the rest in 9 buses, there were 52 runners per bus.
• If 1½ inches equals 15 miles on a map, 3 ½ inches would equal 35 miles using the same scale; this implies that an inch is equal to ten miles, which means there are 35 tens in thee and a half (3.5 * 10 = 35)
• With a coffeepot holding 8 cups and 6 people each drinking 2 cups a day, 2 pots are needed each day.
• If one meter equals 1.1 yards, then 100 meters equals 110 yards.
• A car's odometer reading will be 12,578 after three days of driving to and from work, each trip being 32 miles one way, starting from 12,386.
• A family spent $3,493 during a vacation, having $755 remaining from an initial $4,248.
• An art gallery made $1,905 more from selling 10 prints at $285 each than from selling 3 sculptures at $315 each.
• A driver will use 9 gallons of gas driving 3 hours at 60 mph (2 gallons/hour) and 2 hours at 45 mph (1.5 gallons/hour).
• A consultant earns $900 working 5 hours for a private client at $60 per hour and 20 hours for corporate clients at $30 per hour.

Word Knowledge

• Unrelenting most nearly means: persistent
• Gullibility most nearly means: ability to be easily deceived
• Embark most nearly means: commence
• Exhilarate most nearly means: thrill
• Prosperity most nearly means: richness
• Alleviate most nearly means: lessen
• Remnant most nearly means: part left over
• Spite most nearly means: malice
• Pique most nearly means: arouse
• Quirk most nearly means: oddity
• Fending most nearly means: warding off
• Coarse most nearly means: rough
• Scoundrel most nearly means: rascal
• Abode most nearly means: dwelling

Mathematical Knowledge

• If √(x + 6) = 16, then x = 10
• If x = 2, then 8x - x = 14
• The expression for "the sum of three times a number and -7 is equal to 9" is 3x + (-7) = 910.
• -22+33 = 11
• Angles 1 and 7 are equal in measure.
• 9/11 is the greatest value among the given fractions.
• If (12 - n) + 4 = 6, then n = 10
• With n pupils and x boys in a class, the number of girls is n - x.
• If x - 2 > 3, then x could equal 6.
• 250.025 rounded to the nearest hundredth is 250.03.
• 32/7 simplified is 4 4/7.
• 11/20 is the same as 55%.
• 1-1/2 is between 1/2 and 5/2.
• 160/240 simplified is 2/3.
• The value of x in 4x - 5 = -13 is -2.

Electronics Information

• Optical fiber allows the telecommunications industry to transmit the greatest volume of data at the fastest speed.
• The image shown is a resistor.
• Multiple positions on a wire stripper accommodate various gauge wires.
• A switch starts or stops electric current flow in a circuit via its contacts.
• A computer's microprocessor is an integrated circuit.
• A grounded outlet is connected to the earth.
• A simple electromagnet contains a coil of wire.
• A lightning bolt striking a tall building exemplifies electrostatic discharge.
• In the described circuit, opening switch 2 silences the horn while leaving the lamp on.
• The screen is the output device of a television.
• An object with low electrical resistance is a conductor.
• When an appliance is "hard wired," it means it's wired directly into the house wiring.
• Soldered connections provide a physical bond and electrical conduction.
• According to Ohm's Law (V = I x R), if voltage stays constant, increased resistance causes a decrease in current flow.
• A short circuit is a circuit that doesn't work because a wire has unintentionally made electrical contact.

Automotive Information

• The tools shown are taps and dies.
• B identifies as the camshaft in the picture
• A leaking ring is the most likely source of oil in an engine cylinder.
• B is pointing to the combustion chamber in the picture
• Fuel injection has replaced carburetion on all passenger cars and light trucks.
• Multiple gears in a transmission are necessary to allow for different travel speeds for a given engine rpm.
• Body roll can be prevented by stabilizer or sway bar.
• Piston rings seal the combustion chamber at the piston.
• The twisting force on a shaft is called torque.
• The component shown in the illustration is a shock absorber.

Shop Information

• A plane is used to remove excess wood from a drawer that is 1/16” too tall to fit in its space.
• The hold on a drill bit is tightened by turning a chuck key.
• The tool shown in the illustration is a wire stripper.
• The alignment of fibers in a piece of wood defines its grain.
• A utility knife is commonly used to cut Carpet.
• The collar attached to the drill bit is commonly used to control the depth of the hole.
• A brad is installed with a strike by a hammer.
• A circular saw efficiently cuts a 2" x 4" x 10' board to length.

Mechanical Comprehension

• When the belt moves in the direction shown, pulley 3 turns clockwise.
• With a driver gear rotating at 120 rpm with 12 teeth driving a 36 teeth gear, the gear rotates at 40 rpm.
• The driver wheel diameter is 4 inches, given a 12-inch driven wheel and a mechanical advantage of 1/3
• A 18 pound weight will stretch the spring 3 inches
• Frictional force makes it more difficult to push a block of wood on sandpaper versus glass.
• Gear W will move the same direction as gear U.
• Gravity is the main force acting on a box sitting on a shelf.
• Only the left side of the stone will rise when the steel wedge is struck by a hammer
• Buoyancy is the force acting on the log to keep it afloat.
• A water pipe bursting when it freezes is an example of water's ability to expand
• Wheel B rotates counterclockwise at twice the speed of wheel A.
• As gear B rotates clockwise, gear A will turn in direction 1.
• The pressure exerted by the water on the surface of the sand is greatest at B.

Explore essential general science facts covering diverse topics. Includes adaptations, sound measurement (decibels), bacterial growth, and coal formation. Also covers crustaceans, seismology, angiosperms, coastal tides, enzymes, Earth's magnetic field, scavengers, buoyancy, pressure measurement, and sugars.