General Science Assessment Quiz

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Questions and Answers

The statement 'cells arise only from pre-existing cells' was given by:

Louis Pasteur
Schwann
Rudolf Virchow (correct)
Schleiden

A man walks on a straight road from his home to a market 5.5 km away with a speed of 5.5 km h¯¹. Finding the market closed he instantly turns and walks back with a speed of 7.5 km h¯¹. What is the average speed and average velocity of the man between t = 0 to t = 104 min?

6.36 km h¯¹, 0 (correct)
0, 6.36 km h-1
0,0
6.36 km h-1, 6.36 km h-1

Plants can be made diseases-resistant by

use of antibiotic
genetic modification (correct)
both hybridisation and genetic modification (correct)
hybridisation

Chloroplasts may occur in

chlorenchyma and sieve tubes (C) Signup and view all the answers

Symbol of Iron is:-

Fe (A) Signup and view all the answers

Name the muscle which is found in visceral organs.

Smooth muscle (B) Signup and view all the answers

Three students A, B and C determined the volume of a solid by immersing it in water in the overflow cans are set up as shown. The result obtained will be wrong for :

All of these (D) Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following cases of motion, the distance moved and the magnitude of displacement are equal?

A car is moving on a straight road (B) Signup and view all the answers

The first model of an atom was given by

J.J. Thomson (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cells is found in the cartilaginous tissue of the body?

Chondrocytes (A) Signup and view all the answers

Cell arises from the pre-existing cell was stated by

Virchow (B) Signup and view all the answers

A student mixed the white of an egg with water and stirred it well. After sometimes he observe that:

a translucent mixture is formed (B) Signup and view all the answers

A change is said to be a physical change when

No new substances are formed (A), The change can be easily reversed (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following type of irrigation system is used in areas closer to rivers?

River lift (D) Signup and view all the answers

Assertion (A): When the displacement of a body is directly proportional to the square of the time. Then the body is moving with uniform acceleration. Reason (R): The slope of velocity-time graph with time axis gives acceleration.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Assertion (A): Solids have fixed shape but rubber band being solid can change its shape. Reason (R): When force is applied, then the rubber band changes its shape and regain its shape.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Assertion (A): Dendrite is a single, long cylindrical process which forms fine branches terminally. Reason (R): It consists of short processes arising from the cyton.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Assertion (A): Atomic mass number is the number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom. Reason (R): All atoms of an element have the same atomic number.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

A battery lights a bulb. Describe the energy changes involved in the process?

Chemical energy stored in the battery is converted to electrical energy as the battery powers the bulb. The electrical energy is then converted to light and heat energy when the filament in the bulb glows. Signup and view all the answers

Define average power.

Average power is the ratio of the total work done or the total energy consumed to the total time taken for the process. Signup and view all the answers

A sample of water under study was found to boil at 102° C at normal pressure. Is water pure? Will this water freeze at 0° C? Comment.

The water is not pure because the boiling point of pure water at normal pressure is 100 °C. This impure water will freeze at a temperature below 0°C. Signup and view all the answers

A sound wave has a frequency 2 kHz and wavelength 40 cm. How long will it take to travel 1.6 km?

The time taken by the sound wave to travel 1.6 km is 2 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

Give an experiment to show that ammonium chloride undergoes sublimation.

An experiment can be set up to show the sublimation of ammonium chloride by heating the compound in a china dish covered with an inverted funnel. The solid ammonium chloride will directly convert into gaseous state without going through the liquid state and deposit on the cold sides of the funnel, demonstrating sublimation. Signup and view all the answers

A stone of 1 kg is thrown with a velocity of 20 ms¯¹ across the frozen surface of a lake and comes to rest after travelling a distance of 50 m. What is the force of friction between the stone and the ice?

The force of friction between the stone and the ice is 4 N. Signup and view all the answers

Why can a small mass such as a bullet kill a person when fired from a gun?

A bullet fired from a gun possesses high momentum due to its high velocity, which can be lethal when it impacts a person. Signup and view all the answers

Write the electronic configuration of a positively charged sodium ion (Na+). Atomic number of sodium is 11.

The electronic configuration of Na+ is 2, 8. Signup and view all the answers

What is echo ranging? State any one application of this technique.

Echo ranging is a technique that uses sound waves to detect objects underwater. One application of echo ranging is in SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging), where it helps locate underwater objects such as submarines, shipwrecks, or schools of fish. Signup and view all the answers

The wavelength of waves produced on the surface of the water is 20 cm. If the wave velocity is 36 m/s. Calculate a. The number of waves produced in one second. b. The time required to produce one wave?

a. The number of waves produced in one second is 180 waves per second. b. The time required to produce one wave is 0.00556 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

Identify the ion from the given figure. Write the electronic configuration of the ion and atom mentioned in the figure. How do we get the number of protons as 12?

The ion is Mg²⁺ (Magnesium ion). The electronic configuration of the Mg²⁺ ion is 2, 8. The electronic configuration of the Magnesium atom is 2, 8, 2. The number of protons is 12 because the atomic number of Magnesium is 12 and the atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

A stone is thrown in a vertically upward direction with a velocity of 5 ms¯¹. If the acceleration of the stone during its motion is 10 ms¯²in the downward direction, what will be the height attained by the stone and how much time will it take to reach there?

The maximum height attained by the stone is 1.25 meters, and it takes 0.5 seconds to reach this height. Signup and view all the answers

An electron moving with a velocity of 5×104 ms-1 enters into a uniform electric field and acquires a uniform acceleration of 104 ms-2 in the direction of its initial motion. i. Calculate the time in which the electron would acquire a velocity double of its initial velocity. ii. How much distance the electron would cover in this time?

i. The time taken by the electron to acquire double its initial velocity is 5 seconds. ii. The distance covered in this time is 37.5 × 10⁴ meters. Signup and view all the answers

Shyam and his friends were playing with a catapult (gulel) in his garden. Several mangoes were dislodged and fell with the help of catapult. One of his friend was aiming the catapult on a bird. Shyam prevented him from doing so. a. Name the energy possessed by the stretched string of the catapult. b. What will happen if the stone is thrown without stretching the string of a catapult? c. Why did Shyam prevent his friend from aiming at the bird? Which quality is highlighted in Shyam's behaviour?

a. The stretched string of the catapult possesses potential energy. b. The stone will simply fall down without much force if the string is not stretched. c. Shyam prevented his friend from aiming at the bird because he understood that harming a living being was wrong. His behaviour demonstrates empathy and consideration for others. Signup and view all the answers

Explain, why is it difficult to walk on sand?

It is difficult to walk on sand because the sand is loose and provides less resistance to the foot. The foot sinks into the sand, making it harder to move forward efficiently. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the recoil of a heavy gun, on firing, not so strong as that of a light gun using the same cartridge?

The recoil of a heavy gun is less because its mass is greater. The amount of recoil is inversely proportional to the mass of the gun. Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between chromatin and chromosome.

Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. It appears as a diffuse, thread-like structure. Chromosomes are condensed, rod-shaped structures that form during cell division, visible under a microscope. Chromosomes are essentially condensed forms of chromatin. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when cell is placed in - (a) Hypertonic solution (b) Hypotonic solution (c) Isotonic solution

There will be no net movement of solvent. Hence, there will be no change in the shape and size of the cell. (A), Cell will shrink due to exosmosis. (B), Cell will swell up due to endosmosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

Write a note on the protective tissue in plants. (Give appropriate diagram also).

The protective tissue in plants is called the epidermis. It's the outermost layer of cells that covers the plant and protects it from various external factors. The epidermis is made up of a single layer of closely packed, flattened cells and can be covered with a waxy coating called the cuticle. The epidermis often has specialized structures like stomata, which regulate the exchange of gases, and trichomes, which can provide protection from herbivores or regulate temperature. Signup and view all the answers

I. At some moment, two giant planets Jupiter and Saturn of the solar system are in the same line as seen from the earth. Find the total gravitational force due to them on a person of mass 50 kg on the earth. Could the force due to the planets be important? Mass of the Jupiter = 2 × 1027 kg Mass of the Saturn = 6 × 1026 kg The distance of Jupiter from the earth = 6.3 × 1011 m The distance of Saturn from the earth = 1.28 × 1012 m ii. A bag of sugar weighs 'w' at a certain place on the equator. If this bag is taken to Antarctica, then will it weigh the same or more or less. Give a reason for your answer.

i. The total gravitational force due to Jupiter and Saturn on a 50 kg person on Earth is approximately 1.8 × 10⁻⁵ N. This force is negligible compared to the gravitational force due to the Earth itself, which would be around 490 N. ii. The bag of sugar will weigh slightly more when taken to Antarctica. This is because the acceleration due to gravity is slightly higher at the poles (Antarctica) than at the equator. Signup and view all the answers

A stone is dropped from a 100 m high tower. How long does it take to fall? a. the first 50 m and
b. the second 50 m.

a. The time taken for the stone to fall the first 50 meters is approximately 3.16 seconds. b. The time taken for the stone to fall the next 50 meters is approximately 1.31 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

Write a note on Golgi apparatus and the functions it performs.

The Golgi apparatus is a cellular organelle that plays a critical role in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids. It receives materials from the endoplasmic reticulum and further processes them before they are delivered to their final destinations within the cell or outside the cell. Key functions include: <ol> <li>Modifying proteins and lipids.</li> <li>Sorting and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicles.</li> <li>Producing lysosomes, which are responsible for breaking down waste materials within the cell.</li> <li>Transporting materials to the cell membrane for secretion.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Draw a neat labelled diagram of an animal cell.

I apologize, but as a text-based AI, I cannot directly draw or provide images. However, I can describe the components of an animal cell for you to create a labeled diagram. A typical animal cell includes the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, lysosomes, mitochondria, and sometimes centrioles. The cell membrane is a thin, flexible barrier around the cell. The cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance inside the cell that contains the organelles. The nucleus is a control center that contains the cell's genetic material. The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes that helps process proteins and lipids. The Golgi apparatus further packages and distributes these molecules. Ribosomes are responsible for assembling proteins. Lysosomes break down waste materials. Mitochondria, often called the powerhouses of the cell, create energy. And centrioles aid in cell division. Signup and view all the answers

I. What factors affect the solubility of solvent and solute? ii. State the differences between compounds and mixtures

i. Solubility of a solute in a solvent is influenced by several factors, including: a. Temperature: Generally, solubility increases with temperature. b. Pressure: Applying pressure to a solution can increase the solubility of a gas. c. Nature of the solute and solvent: Similar substances often mix more readily, whereas dissimilar ones tend to be less soluble. d. Stirring: Agitation or stirring can enhance the speed at which a solute dissolves. e. Particle size: Smaller particles of a solute dissolve faster. ii. a. Compounds are formed by chemically combining two or more elements in a fixed ratio. Compounds have distinct characteristic properties. b. Mixtures are a physical combination of two or more substances in variable proportions. Mixtures retain the individual properties of their components. Signup and view all the answers

Read the text carefully and answer the questions: In older plants, the outer protective layer that is epidermis undergoes certain changes the epidermis of the stem is replaced. There is cork cambium which is simple tissue having one type of the cell. The cell of cork cambium are rectangular and their protoplast is vacuolated contain tannins. The cork cambium gives off new cell from its both side. The cell of the cork cambium is dead and compactly arranged without the intercellular space and there is suberin deposition. (i) The epidermis of the cell is replaced by? (ii) How does a cork acts as a protective tissue? OR There is suberin deposition what is the main disadvantage?

i. The epidermis of the cell is replaced by a layer of cork cells that are produced by the cork cambium. ii. The cork acts as a protective tissue because it is made up of dead, compactly arranged cells with suberin deposition. This layer is waterproof and helps to prevent the loss of water. OR The main disadvantage of suberin deposition is that it makes the cells impermeable to water and gases, meaning that the plant cannot perform efficient gas exchange through this layer. Signup and view all the answers

Read the text carefully and answer the questions: Fish is a cheap source of animal protein for our food. Fish liver oil is rich in vitamin A and D. Basically fisheries are of two types: i. Fin fishery: It includes capturing, management and exploitation of cartilaginous and bony fishes. ii. Shell fishery: It includes capturing, management and exploitation of crustaceans (prawns, crabs) and molluscs (oysters, mussels etc.). Depending upon the mode of obtaining fish, fisheries are of two types: Capture fishing and Culture fishing. (i) Mention the two types of fisheries depending upon the mode of obtaining fish. (ii) Which fatty acid is exclusively found in fish? (iii) Is Rohu a bony fish or not? In which type of fisheries it is used? OR What is the difference between capture fishery and culture fishery?

i. The two types of fisheries based on the mode of obtaining fish are capture fisheries and culture fisheries. ii. Omega-3 fatty acids are found exclusively in fish. iii, Rohu is a bony fish. It is used in fin fisheries. OR Capture fisheries involve catching fish directly from natural habitats, like oceans or rivers. Culture fisheries, on the other hand, involve raising and cultivating fish in controlled environments, such as ponds or tanks. Signup and view all the answers

Read the text carefully and answer the questions: A solution of a solid in a liquid such as water can be prepared by adding it slowly to water with constant stirring at a certain temperature (room temperature). If the addition process is continued, a stage is ultimately reached in the dissolution process when no more of the solid dissolves. Rather it starts setlling at the bottom of the container such as a glass beaker. The solution at this stage is said to be saturated. The solubility of a solute is always expressed with respect to the saturated solution. It may be defined as the maximum amount of the solute that can be dissolved in 100 g of the solvent to form a saturated solution at a given temperature. Please remember that the role of temperature is very important. If temperature is increased, the solution becomes unsaturated. In case the temperature is decreased, the solution becomes supersaturated. As a result, crust of the solute gets deposited on the surface. (i) What do mean by the term Solubility? (ii) 20 g of a solute are dissolved in 500 g of the solvent. The solubility of the solute is: (iii) When a saturated solution becomes unsaturated? What do you mean by concentration of solution? OR

i. Solubility is defined as the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in 100 grams of solvent at a given temperature to form a saturated solution. ii. The solubility of the solute is 4%. iii. A saturated solution becomes unsaturated when the temperature is increased or additional solvent is added. OR Concentration of a solution refers to the amount of solute present in a given amount of solution. It can be expressed in terms of mass by mass percentage, which is the mass of the solute divided by the mass of the solution multiplied by 100. Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

Evaporation and Surface Area

The rate of evaporation increases with the increase in surface area.

Virchow's Theory

It states that all living cells arise from pre-existing cells by division.