General Physics 1 - Unit 7: Work, Power, and Energy

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Questions and Answers

What is true about work done when force and displacement are perpendicular?

  • Work is negative.
  • Work cannot be determined.
  • Work is positive.
  • There is no work done. (correct)

Which scenario illustrates zero work being done?

  • Holding a glass still. (correct)
  • Pulling a cart for 5 meters.
  • Pushing an object in the direction of force.
  • Lifting a box straight up.

How is work calculated when constant force is applied?

  • Force plus displacement.
  • Force divided by distance.
  • Displacement divided by force.
  • Force times distance. (correct)

If the applied force is towards the ground and the displacement is upwards, what type of work is done?

<p>Negative work. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What overall conclusion can be drawn if a person pulls a heavy suitcase up a hill?

<p>Positive work is done due to movement against gravity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines work in a physics context?

<p>Work is the energy transferred when an object moves. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When the force applied by a person is consistent but the distance varies, what method can determine work done?

<p>Graphical methods. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which situation is work done considered negative?

<p>When lowering an object downwards. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of work?

<p>Joule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a person pushes a chair with a constant force but does not move it, what is the work done on the chair?

<p>Zero work (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios would result in negative work being done?

<p>Lowering a dumbbell to the ground (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is work calculated when a force is applied at an angle?

<p>Work = Force × Distance × cos(θ) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of physical activity, which situation does NOT involve doing work?

<p>Holding a dumbbell stationary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes work in physics?

<p>The energy transferred when a force is applied (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which of the following activities is the most work likely to be done?

<p>Pushing a heavy cart for 5 meters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When converting work done in Joules to calories, what is the equivalent value of 1 Joule?

<p>0.239 calories (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is work considered negative?

<p>When the force and displacement are in opposite directions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation is an example of work being done?

<p>Sliding a book across a table (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following defines work in physics?

<p>The transfer of energy when a force is applied to an object causing a displacement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition must be met for work to be done on an object?

<p>Movement must occur in the direction of the applied force (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding positive work?

<p>It occurs when the force and displacement are in the same direction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a constant force of 10 N acts on an object, causing it to move 5 meters in the same direction as the force, how much work is done?

<p>50 Joules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Work (physics)

The product of force and the distance moved in the direction of the force.

Work Example: Pushing a Chair

A real-world example of calculating work done.

Work (Real-life applications)

Work done in real-world situations like building, bungee jumping, and human activities.

Work Unit

The standard unit of work is the Joule.

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Energy conversion (real-world)

Converting energy from one form to another in real-life situations.

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Power (physics)

The rate at which work is done (or energy is transferred).

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Everyday activities (energy)

Activities like standing, walking, and running have different energy requirements.

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Energy units conversion

Converting between units of energy, such as Joules and Calories.

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Dot Product

A mathematical operation that takes two vectors and returns a scalar value.

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Constant Force Work

Calculating work done by a constant force, which is the product of the force's magnitude and the displacement's magnitude, considering the angle between them.

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Varying Force Work

Calculating work done by a force that changes strength during movement, often involves calculus to determine the area under the force-displacement graph.

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Force

A push or pull that can cause an object to change its motion.

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Displacement

The change in the position of an object.

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Scalar product

A dot product which yields a scalar value. For example, the magnitude of force and distance moved in the same direction gives a scalar (work).

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Work

The process of using force on an object to move it from point A to point B.

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Work done by constant force

Change in displacement caused by a constant force

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Work done by varying force

Change in displacement is influenced by a varying force

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Work done - negative

The force and displacement are perpendicular (90 degrees) to each other.

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Work done - positive/negative

Work can be either positive or negative, depending on the angle between force and displacement.

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Zero work

No change in displacement occurs when a constant force is applied during a given interval.

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Work - vector or scalar?

Work is a scalar quantity.

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Calculating work with varying forces

Work can be determined graphically; the area under the force-displacement graph.

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Work and acceleration

Acceleration is not a direct factor in determining work.

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Study Notes

General Physics 1 - Unit 7: Work, Power, and Energy - Lesson 7.1

  • This lesson covers work in physics
  • The learning objectives include defining scalar product, determining work done by a force acting on a system, and solving real-life problems involving work
  • A warm-up activity is provided to introduce the topic
  • The concept of work is explained as the effect of forces causing change in an object's position, such as pushing a door or moving objects up and down
  • The dot product (scalar product) is reviewed, defined as A • B = AB cos θ, where A and B represent vector magnitudes, and θ is the angle between them
  • Work is a scalar quantity, having only magnitude and no direction
  • Work done by a constant force is W = Fd cos θ, where F is the force component along the displacement direction, d is the displacement, and θ is the angle between force and displacement vectors
  • Calculating work done by a varying force involves plotting force against distance and calculating the area under the curve
  • The SI unit of work is the joule (J), equivalent to 1 newton-meter (Nâ‹…m)
  • The direction of force relative to displacement affects work: parallel (positive), opposite (negative), perpendicular (zero)
  • Examples and try-it problems are included to illustrate calculation methods
  • Key formulas for dot product and work calculations are provided
  • A bibliography of physics textbooks is listed.

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