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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an autoimmune disease?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an autoimmune disease?
- Normal function of the immune system (correct)
- Production of autoantibodies
- Inflammation and tissue damage
- Loss of self-tolerance
What is the primary role of regulatory T cells in the immune system?
What is the primary role of regulatory T cells in the immune system?
- Suppress immune responses (correct)
- Activate immune responses
- Promote inflammation
- Produce antibodies
In which condition does the immune system mistakenly attack the myelin sheath surrounding nerves in the brain and spinal cord?
In which condition does the immune system mistakenly attack the myelin sheath surrounding nerves in the brain and spinal cord?
- Type 1 diabetes
- Multiple sclerosis (correct)
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Lupus
Which of the following is a hallmark of hypersensitivity reactions in the immune system?
Which of the following is a hallmark of hypersensitivity reactions in the immune system?
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What distinguishes IgE-mediated hypersensitivity (Type I) reactions from other types of hypersensitivity reactions?
What distinguishes IgE-mediated hypersensitivity (Type I) reactions from other types of hypersensitivity reactions?
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Study Notes
Autoimmune Diseases
- A characteristic of an autoimmune disease is NOT a normal response to a foreign substance.
Regulatory T Cells
- Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a primary role in suppressing or down-regulating the immune system, preventing excessive or uncontrolled immune responses.
Immune System Disorders
- In Multiple Sclerosis (MS), the immune system mistakenly attacks the myelin sheath surrounding nerves in the brain and spinal cord, leading to nerve damage and various neurological symptoms.
Hypersensitivity Reactions
- A hallmark of hypersensitivity reactions in the immune system is an excessive or uncontrolled response to an antigen, resulting in tissue damage and various symptoms.
IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity (Type I)
- IgE-mediated hypersensitivity (Type I) reactions are distinguished from other types of hypersensitivity reactions by their rapid onset, typically within minutes, and the involvement of IgE antibodies, which trigger mast cell degranulation, leading to an allergic response.
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