General Knowledge Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic that defines life?

  • Reproduction (correct)
  • Photosynthesis
  • Decomposing
  • Migration

    • What is meant by emergent properties in biological organization?

  • Simple traits that organisms share
  • Properties that do not exist at lesser organizational levels (correct)
  • Basic needs required for survival
  • Physical characteristics of organisms

    • Which of the following best describes negative feedback mechanisms?

  • Systems that maintain stable conditions (correct)
  • Mechanisms that amplify responses
  • Responses that initiate positive changes
  • Processes that slow down biological changes

    • Which of the following lists the four elements that make up 96% of substances in life?

    <p>Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of discovery science?

    <p>Making observations and drawing conclusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In biological organization, which is the correct sequence from simplest to most complex?

    <p>Atoms, Molecules, Cells, Tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain includes organisms such as fungi and plants?

    <p>Eukarya</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scientific method primarily characterized by?

    <p>A systematic approach involving several stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the Krebs cycle take place in the cell?

    <p>Mitochondrial matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of lactic acid fermentation in muscle cells during anaerobic conditions?

    <p>Regeneration of NAD+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the Bridge step between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?

    <p>Acetyl-CoA is formed from pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do NADH and FADH2 play in cellular respiration?

    <p>Shuttle electrons to the electron transport chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many ATP are produced theoretically from one molecule of glucose during cellular respiration?

    <p>38 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a redox reaction?

    <p>Transfer of electrons between molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are sister chromatids?

    <p>Two identical copies of a chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure in the cell organizes microtubules during cell division?

    <p>Centrosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What components make up a triglyceride?

    <p>A glycerol backbone and three fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is cellulose an effective structural component in plant cell walls?

    <p>It has a linear, rigid structure with hydrogen bonding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes saturated fatty acids from unsaturated fatty acids?

    <p>Unsaturated fatty acids have kinks due to double bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many hydrogen bonds form between G and C nucleotides?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following enzymes synthesizes RNA primers during DNA replication?

    <p>Primase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the arrangement of molecules in the cell membrane?

    <p>Hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of DNA ligase during DNA replication?

    <p>Joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are peptide bonds formed between amino acids?

    <p>By dehydration synthesis between the carboxyl and amino groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes a codon?

    <p>A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structural formula of an amino acid comprised of?

    <p>An amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and an R group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

    <p>It maintains membrane fluidity by preventing tight packing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the promoter region in transcription?

    <p>Acts as a binding site for RNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which base pairs are classified as purines?

    <p>A and G</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four levels of protein structure?

    <p>Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of transcription does RNA polymerase detach from DNA?

    <p>Termination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amino acid is encoded by the start codon (AUG)?

    <p>Methionine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is epistasis?

    <p>When one gene affects the expression of another gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes polygenic inheritance?

    <p>Multiple genes contributing to a single phenotype.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do recessive traits appear on a pedigree?

    <p>They often skip generations and may show up when both parents carry the allele.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are males more likely to express X-linked recessive traits?

    <p>They only receive one X chromosome from their mother.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a quantitative character?

    <p>Skin color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role can environmental factors play in the expression of a genotype?

    <p>They can influence how genes are expressed, such as through diet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which components make up a DNA nucleotide?

    <p>A phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, and nitrogenous base.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the double helix structure of DNA?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds between complementary bases and phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes enantiomers?

    <p>They are non-superimposable mirror images.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a functional group of an amino acid?

    <p>Hydroxyl group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes an aldehyde from a ketone?

    <p>Aldehydes have a carbonyl group attached to a terminal carbon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do alcohols achieve solubility in water?

    <p>Due to the presence of a hydroxyl group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of breaking down polymers called?

    <p>Hydrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond links the monomers in carbohydrates?

    <p>Glycosidic linkage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are storage polysaccharides found in plants and animals?

    <p>Glycogen and starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general formula for a carbohydrate?

    <p>(CH₂O)n</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    Test your general knowledge with this quiz. It covers a variety of topics, so prepare to engage your mind and learn something new. Challenge yourself and see how much you really know!

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