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Questions and Answers

What is a potential disadvantage of the presidential system as described?

  • Stronger representation of minority groups
  • Frequent changes in leadership
  • Risk of impasse or stalemate between the executive and legislature (correct)
  • Increased political participation among citizens
  • Which feature of the presidential model contributes to electoral competition?

  • The establishment of multiple majorities (correct)
  • The fixed electoral timetable
  • Diverse representation
  • The direct election of legislators
  • How does the parliamentary model limit the power of the executive?

  • Through the requirement of legislative majority support (correct)
  • By creating independent branches of government
  • By ensuring that citizens elect the prime minister directly
  • By allowing frequent elections for all officials
  • What is one benefit of having a directly elected president in a presidential system?

    <p>It provides a unifying national face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the American political system is intended to ensure diverse representation?

    <p>The concept of multiple majorities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What benefit do parties provide in terms of voter interests?

    <p>They aggregate interests and discern what is important to society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major drawback of political parties?

    <p>They may become unresponsive to their supporters or monopolized by specific groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about Duverger's Law is accurate?

    <p>It states that single-member plurality systems favor two-party systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following party systems is characterized by having five or more significant parties?

    <p>Multiparty system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do voting rules influence party systems?

    <p>They influence party systems but do not solely dictate them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Przeworski suggest about the current condition of established democracies?

    <p>They may be experiencing historical conditions that threaten their survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Przeworski define democracy?

    <p>A political arrangement where governments are selected through elections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Przeworski, what mechanism does democracy provide?

    <p>A mechanism for processing conflicts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of voting is typical in representative democracies?

    <p>Choice of persons or parties responsible for making decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two major types of electoral formulas mentioned?

    <p>Majoritarian and first-past-the-post.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can the electorate decide through direct democracy?

    <p>Substantive political issues, where constitutionally permitted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the first-past-the-post electoral system involve?

    <p>Single member constituencies with a winner-takes-all approach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a concern regarding democracy as highlighted in the content?

    <p>The potential for incumbents to manipulate electoral outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What main effect does the increasing salience of European governance have according to De Wilde?

    <p>It leads to greater polarization of opinion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the concept where certain paths chosen in politics are difficult to deviate from?

    <p>Path dependence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase in the policy-making process involves the entry of issues onto the political agenda?

    <p>Agenda-setting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the garbage can model of policy making signify?

    <p>A chaotic mix of choices and interests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the phases of the policy-making process?

    <p>Public opinion research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does incrementalism in policy-making refer to?

    <p>The process of making adjustments over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does evaluation play in the policy-making process?

    <p>It helps to measure the outcomes of implemented policies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the concept of strong inertial strength affect policies once they are initiated?

    <p>Policies tend to continue rather than be terminated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of embedded autonomy in economic policy making?

    <p>Civil servants are insulated from societal pressures but not entirely isolated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country's economic system exemplifies the Anglo-American 'liberal' model?

    <p>USA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Coordinated Market Economies (CMEs) differ from the Anglo-American model?

    <p>CMEs are characterized by government intervention in economic activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) play in the country's economic success?

    <p>It played a significant role in the development of Japan's economy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the perception of certain policies like healthcare in economic systems?

    <p>They attract controversy influenced by ideology and political culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of bureaucratic policy-making theories?

    <p>Clarifying how bureaucracies implement decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the principal-agent relationship, who is considered the 'agent'?

    <p>The bureaucrat following directives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key characteristic of New Public Management (NPM)?

    <p>Introduction of business administration methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach did New Public Management emphasize over traditional bureaucratic values?

    <p>Incentives and performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential consequence of implementing NPM in developing countries?

    <p>Undermining anti-corruption efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of management separation is emphasized in NPM?

    <p>Separation of public demand, provision, and production functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes one of the core incentives created in bureaucratic reform?

    <p>Greater alignment between policy outcomes and original goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the principal-agent issue refer to in public administration?

    <p>Difficulty in harmonizing actions of actors</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    Explore the basics with this introductory quiz. Test your knowledge across various topics and prepare for more advanced questions. Perfect for anyone looking to brush up on their general knowledge skills.

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