Questions and Answers
What are the stated states of matter?
What is a physical property of matter?
A property that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter.
The term for the ability of a solid to resist scratching is called _____.
hardness
A chemical property is a property of matter that describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance.
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Which of the following processes are examples of physical changes?
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What is the definition of density?
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Which of the following is NOT a property of matter?
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What is thermal conductivity?
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Study Notes
Properties of Matter
- Matter is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space.
- Physical properties can be observed or measured without altering the substance's identity.
State of Matter
- States include:
- Solid: Definite shape and volume.
- Liquid: Takes the shape of its container but maintains a definite volume.
- Gas: Changes both shape and volume.
- Particle arrangement influences the state of matter.
Key Physical Properties
- Density: Mass per unit volume; remains constant for a substance at a given temperature and pressure.
- Thermal Conductivity: Ability of a material to transfer heat energy.
- Color: Perceptible characteristic used for identification.
- Hardness: Resistance of a solid to scratching.
- Malleability: Ability to be shaped into thin sheets.
- Ductility: Ability to be drawn into wires.
- Solubility: Capacity of a substance to dissolve in another substance.
- Melting Point: The temperature at which a solid transitions to a liquid.
Chemical Properties
- Describe a substance's potential to undergo chemical changes.
- Combustibility: Ability to ignite easily.
- Flammability: How readily a substance ignites when exposed to flame.
- Reactivity: Tendency to chemically combine with other substances, such as iron oxidizing to rust.
- Toxicity: Degree of harm a substance can cause.
Physical vs Chemical Change
- Physical Change: Affects one or more physical properties without forming new substances; changes can typically be reversed.
- Chemical Change: Alters the substance at a molecular level, resulting in the formation of new substances.
- Phase changes, such as solid to liquid or liquid to gas, represent physical changes and are often reversible.
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Description
Prepare for your first periodical examination in General Chemistry I with this comprehensive reviewer. This quiz focuses on the properties of matter, including the states of matter and physical properties you can observe without altering the substance. Test your understanding and enhance your knowledge of fundamental chemistry concepts.
