General Biology I - History of Cell

Hans and ________________, Dutch inventors, made the first simple _________ in 1590.

______________, an Englishman, coined the term 'cell' for the box-like structures observed in a ___ tissue under the microscope in 1667.

Around 1675, ______________, a Dutch naturalist, observed red blood cells, bacteria, and tooth scrapings after his invention of a more powerful microscope.

In 1838, ______________, a German botanist, stated that all plants are composed of cells.

In 1839, it was concluded that all animals are composed of cells by ______________, a German zoologist.

In 1855, ______________, a German biologist, observed dividing cells during his work, concluding that all living cells come from preexisting cells.

A pivotal moment in the understanding of cellular genetics occurred in 1953 when ______________ and ______________ uncovered the double helix structure of DNA.

However, this discovery was heavily reliant on the work of _______________, whose X-ray diffraction images of DNA were crucial in determining the structure.

What are the three main points of cell theory?

What type of cells do not have structures surrounded by membranes?

What type of cells contain organelles surrounded by membranes?

What is the function of the cell membrane?

What provides rigidity and protection to plant cells?

History of Cell

Hans and Zacharias Jansen invented the first simple microscope in 1590.
Robert Hooke coined the term "cell" in 1667 for box-like structures observed in cork tissue.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek, around 1675, discovered red blood cells, bacteria, and tooth scrapings, calling them "animalcules."
Matthias Schleiden, a German botanist, confirmed in 1838 that all plants are composed of cells.
Theodore Schwann, a German zoologist, established in 1839 that all animals are made of cells.
Rudolf Virchow demonstrated in 1855 that all living cells arise from preexisting cells by observing dividing cells.
The double helix structure of DNA was uncovered in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick, building on Rosalind Franklin's crucial X-ray diffraction images.

Cell Theory

All organisms are made up of cells.
The cell is the basic unit of life.
All cells arise from preexisting cells.

Cell Structure & Function

Examples of cells: Amoeba, Plant Stem, Bacteria, Red Blood Cell, Nerve Cell.

Types of Cells

Prokaryotic Cells:
- Lack membrane-bound structures.
- Possess few internal structures.
- Mostly single-celled organisms; includes bacteria.
Eukaryotic Cells:
- Contain organelles surrounded by membranes.
- Present in most living organisms.

Cell Parts

Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane):
- Composed of a phospholipid bilayer with attached proteins.
- Functions:
  - Separates cell contents from the environment.
  - Regulates material passage in and out of the cell.
  - Permits communication with other cells.
Cell Wall:
- Found in plant cells, fungi, and bacteria.
- Provides rigidity, protection, and structural support to plant cells.
Nucleus:
- Directs cell activities.
- Separated from cytoplasm by the nuclear membrane.
- Contains genetic material.

This quiz covers the key historical figures and developments in cell biology, specifically focusing on the invention of the microscope and the term 'cell'. Participants will recall significant contributions made by Hans and Zacharias Jansen, as well as Robert Hooke. Test your knowledge of these foundational events in biology!