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Questions and Answers
Which of the following molecules contains high energy phosphate bonds?
Which of the following molecules contains high energy phosphate bonds?
Which stage of cellular respiration produces the highest amount of ATP?
Which stage of cellular respiration produces the highest amount of ATP?
Which event does not occur during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
Which event does not occur during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
What are the three components of an ATP molecule?
What are the three components of an ATP molecule?
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What process occurs when ATP releases its stored energy?
What process occurs when ATP releases its stored energy?
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Which of the following is the primary byproduct of the Kreb's Cycle?
Which of the following is the primary byproduct of the Kreb's Cycle?
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What role do electron transport chains play in cells?
What role do electron transport chains play in cells?
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Which molecule serves as the main energy currency in cells?
Which molecule serves as the main energy currency in cells?
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What is one of the primary products of anaerobic respiration?
What is one of the primary products of anaerobic respiration?
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What is the first step in the process of photosynthesis?
What is the first step in the process of photosynthesis?
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Which of the following processes requires energy derived from ATP?
Which of the following processes requires energy derived from ATP?
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Which of these industrial processes utilizes anaerobic respiration?
Which of these industrial processes utilizes anaerobic respiration?
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Which of the following processes is NOT powered by ATP in humans?
Which of the following processes is NOT powered by ATP in humans?
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In which metabolic pathway is malate transformed into oxaloacetate?
In which metabolic pathway is malate transformed into oxaloacetate?
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What is the effect of removing a phosphate group from ATP?
What is the effect of removing a phosphate group from ATP?
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What is a key function of ATP during cellular processes?
What is a key function of ATP during cellular processes?
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What function does ATP primarily serve in a cell?
What function does ATP primarily serve in a cell?
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Which components are involved in the process of active transport in humans?
Which components are involved in the process of active transport in humans?
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Which of the following correctly represents products of anaerobic respiration?
Which of the following correctly represents products of anaerobic respiration?
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Which process directly consumes energy from ATP?
Which process directly consumes energy from ATP?
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How do plants specifically initiate the process of photosynthesis?
How do plants specifically initiate the process of photosynthesis?
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How does anaerobic respiration affect carbon dioxide levels?
How does anaerobic respiration affect carbon dioxide levels?
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Which paired functions utilize ATP in human cells?
Which paired functions utilize ATP in human cells?
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Which statement about ATP is correct?
Which statement about ATP is correct?
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What is the role of the electron transport chain in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis?
What is the role of the electron transport chain in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis?
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In non-cyclic photophosphorylation, what is the ultimate acceptor of electrons produced from the splitting of water?
In non-cyclic photophosphorylation, what is the ultimate acceptor of electrons produced from the splitting of water?
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How many molecules of ATP and NADPH are required in the Calvin cycle to reduce six molecules of carbon dioxide to glucose?
How many molecules of ATP and NADPH are required in the Calvin cycle to reduce six molecules of carbon dioxide to glucose?
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Which of the following molecules is produced specifically during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
Which of the following molecules is produced specifically during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
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During photosynthesis, where does the electron transport chain primarily occur?
During photosynthesis, where does the electron transport chain primarily occur?
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What is the primary purpose of producing NADPH during photosynthesis?
What is the primary purpose of producing NADPH during photosynthesis?
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Which of the following is NOT a product of the light-dependent reactions?
Which of the following is NOT a product of the light-dependent reactions?
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In the context of the Calvin cycle, what does RUBP stand for?
In the context of the Calvin cycle, what does RUBP stand for?
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How many turns of the Kreb's cycle can be accomplished using three molecules of glucose?
How many turns of the Kreb's cycle can be accomplished using three molecules of glucose?
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Which stage of cellular respiration is primarily responsible for increased sweat secretion in a football player?
Which stage of cellular respiration is primarily responsible for increased sweat secretion in a football player?
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How many ATP are produced from one molecule of glucose during the electron transport chain only?
How many ATP are produced from one molecule of glucose during the electron transport chain only?
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If two molecules of pyruvate are used instead of one glucose molecule in an aerobic eukaryotic cell, what would be the net output of ATP after complete metabolism?
If two molecules of pyruvate are used instead of one glucose molecule in an aerobic eukaryotic cell, what would be the net output of ATP after complete metabolism?
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What is the primary end product of glycolysis from one molecule of glucose?
What is the primary end product of glycolysis from one molecule of glucose?
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Which of the following processes occurs in the mitochondria?
Which of the following processes occurs in the mitochondria?
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What happens to the carbon atoms from glucose during cellular respiration?
What happens to the carbon atoms from glucose during cellular respiration?
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What is the role of oxygen in the electron transport chain?
What is the role of oxygen in the electron transport chain?
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What is produced when the electrons leave the electron transport chain and bind to the final electron acceptor?
What is produced when the electrons leave the electron transport chain and bind to the final electron acceptor?
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What is the resulting product from the oxidation of a single pyruvate molecule during the Kreb's cycle?
What is the resulting product from the oxidation of a single pyruvate molecule during the Kreb's cycle?
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What is the correct order of the transformation of compounds during the Kreb's cycle?
What is the correct order of the transformation of compounds during the Kreb's cycle?
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How many carbon dioxide molecules are released during the oxidation of one pyruvate molecule in the Kreb's cycle?
How many carbon dioxide molecules are released during the oxidation of one pyruvate molecule in the Kreb's cycle?
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Which electron carrier is produced in the Kreb's cycle?
Which electron carrier is produced in the Kreb's cycle?
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During the Kreb's cycle, which compound is formed first from acetyl-CoA?
During the Kreb's cycle, which compound is formed first from acetyl-CoA?
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In which cellular process does the electron transport chain primarily occur?
In which cellular process does the electron transport chain primarily occur?
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What is the outcome of the electron transport chain in terms of ATP production?
What is the outcome of the electron transport chain in terms of ATP production?
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Study Notes
General Biology 2nd Quarter Mastery Test - Multiple Choice
- High-energy phosphate bonds: Found in ATP, not NADH, NADPH, or FADH2.
- Most ATP in cellular respiration: Produced during the electron transport chain.
- Light-dependent reaction (photosynthesis): Photolysis (splitting water) is part of this reaction; photoreduction is not.
- ATP molecule parts: Adenine, phosphate group, and ribose.
- ATP energy release: Removing a phosphate group releases energy.
- ATP in human functions: Used for active transport, muscle contraction, and other cellular processes.
- Photosynthesis start: Absorption of light by pigments in photosystem II.
- Inaccurate photosynthesis statement: All stages of photosynthesis do not require light.
- Plant experiments and conclusions: Different plants require different light amounts, not water.
- Light-dependent reaction steps: Light absorption by photosystem II, electron transport chain, and ATP production via photolysis. Producing high energy sugars is a light-independent reaction.
- Visible spectrum and chlorophyll: Chlorophyll absorbs mostly violet and red light, and reflects green light causing plants to appear green.
- Chlorophyll function: Chlorophyll absorbs light energy and facilitates in the splitting of water molecules. It is essential for photosynthesis and is dominantly green in colour, absorbs light energy during photosynthesis.
- Calvin Cycle (light-independent): Process involving the conversion of carbon dioxide into glucose using ATP and NADPH.
- Calvin Cycle Steps: Carbon dioxide enters, combines with RuBP, forms PGA, and eventually glucose.
- ATP and NADPH in Calvin cycle: Required to reduce carbon dioxide into glucose.
- Carbon dioxide removal: Removal of carbon dioxide would prevent sugar production.
- Cellular Respiration equation: Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
- Aerobic/Anaerobic respiration similarity: Both processes utilize glycolysis.
- Glycolysis location: Cytoplasm.
- Cellular respiration steps: Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain.
- Pyruvate fate (aerobic): Enters the mitochondria for the Krebs cycle.
- Kreb's cycle enzyme: Citrate synthase is an enzyme in the Krebs cycle.
- Aerobic vs. Anaerobic respiration: Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, anaerobic respiration does not.
- Glycolysis role: Part of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
- ATP production in cellular respiration: 36-38 ATP molecules are generated per glucose molecule in aerobic respiration.
- Cellular respiration products: Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.
- Causes of muscle cramps: Accumulated lactic acid during intense exercises as a result of oxygen scarcity in the muscle.
Additional Concepts
- Photosynthesis vs Cellular respiration: Photosynthesis converts light energy to chemical energy; Cellular respiration releases chemical energy for work.
- Electron transport chain (ETC): Series of protein complexes that carry electrons to generate ATP during both cellular respiration and photosynthesis
- Pyruvate processing (before Krebs): A crucial step converting pyruvate from glycolysis into Acetyl-CoA to provide substrates to the Krebs cycle.
- Fermentation process: Provides ATP anaerobically. Produces ethanol or lactic acid and reduces cellular energy production.
- Role of water in photosynthesis: Water is the source of electrons and hydrogen ions during light-dependent reactions.
- Factors affecting photosynthesis/respiration: Light intensity, CO2 levels, temperature, water, and oxygen levels affect both processes.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts in biology, including cellular respiration, photosynthesis, and the structure and function of ATP. This multiple-choice quiz covers various aspects of energy transfer and the roles of different molecules in biological processes. Perfect for students preparing for their 2nd-quarter exams.
